青岛地区女性围绝经期症状流行病学调查分析

目的:调查青岛地区围绝经期女性围绝经期症状发生情况,并分析其相关危险因素。方法:2009年3月至2011年4月间分层调查青岛市区及近郊各社区1240名围绝经期女性,围绕围绝经期症状进行一般情况问卷调查。结果:(1)1240名围绝经期女性,平均初潮年龄(15.41±1.93)岁;平均绝经年龄(49.44±3.27)岁。(2)围绝经期的主要症状有健忘(76.6%),性欲减退(72.9%),性高潮障碍(63.3%),疲乏(59%);其次为易怒,入睡困难,情绪波动,睡眠障碍,心悸,阴道干燥,潮热,骨、关节、肌肉疼痛,尿急尿失禁,性交痛,皮肤感觉异常,眩晕,抑郁。(3)围绝经期症状的主要危险因素:健忘、焦虑、是否绝经、有无性生活、是否关注性生活、子女数、年龄、对绝经的态度(P<0.05)。结论:绝大多数围绝经期女性存在更年期症状,以轻度为主,应加强围绝经期保健工作,重视雌激素补充治疗及心理咨询。

Epidemiological survey and analysis of perimenopausal symptoms in Qingdao

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of perimenopausal symptoms and their risk factors in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in Qingdao urban and suburban district.Methods:1240 perimenopausal symptom questionnaires were performed in several communites from March 2009 to April 2011 in Qingdao.Results:(1)The average menarche age was 15.41±1.93;average menopause age was 49.44±3.27 in 1240 perimenopausal women.(2)The main menopausal symptoms were forgetfulness(76.6%),loss of libido(72.9%),anorgasmia(63.3%),fatigue(59%).Followed by irritability,sleep disturbances,mood swings,palpitations,vaginal dryness,hot flashes,bone,joint and muscle pain,urgency incontinence,dyspareunia,paresthesia,dizziness,depression.(3)Major risk factors of perimenopausal symptoms:forgetfulness,anxiety,menopause,sexual life condition,concern about the sexual life,number of children,age,attitude to the menopause(P<0.05).Conclusions:Most menopausal symptoms suffered by perimenopausal women mostly are mild.Perimenopausal health care should be strengthened,and more attention should be taken to estrogen replace therapy and psychological counseling.