间断肺通气对体外循环患者肺内细胞因子的影响及意义

目的：研究间断肺通气对体外循环术后肺内细胞因子的影响及意义。方法：选取风湿性心脏病患者36例，随机分成两组：处理组（n=18）体外循环期间每5分钟间断肺通气一次；对照组（n=18）体外循环期间不通气。所有病人术后2h行支气管肺泡灌洗，分别测定支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中中性粒细胞，IL-1，IL-6，TNF- α，LDH含量及术前、体外循环后1，4及8h肺功能指标（PaO2／FiO2）。结果：处理组BALF中中性粒细胞，IL-1，IL-6，TNF-α，LDH含量较对照组显著降低（P〈0．05），术后PaO2／FiO2较对照组显著增高（P〈0．05），两组体外循环后1，d及8h PaO2／FiO2较同组术前均显著降低（P〈0．01）。结论：间断肺通气可能通过减少白细胞与血管内皮的黏附、降低肺内细胞因子水平、减轻肺部炎症反应及内皮细胞损伤等环节对体外循环所致肺损伤提供保护作用。

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence and significance of intermittent ventilation on lung cytokines during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODS: Thirty-six patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) were divided into 2 groups randomly: Treatment group (n = 18, given intermittent ventilation once every 5 minutes during CPB; control group ( n = 18), no ventilation during CPB. A brochioalveolar lavage was performed at 2 hours after the CPB. The numbers of granulocytes and the contents of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and LDH in the brochioalveolar lavage fluids were measured, and lung PaO2/FiO2 were measured preoperatively and at 1 hour, 4 hours, and 8 hours after the CPB termination. RESULTS: The numbers of granulocytes and the contents of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and LDH of the treatment group in the brochioalveolar lavage fluids were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05), and the lung PaO2/FiO2 of the treatment group at 1 hour, 4 hours, and 8 hours after the CPB termination significantly increased than those of the control group (P < 0.05). A significant decrease of lung PaO2/FiO2 occurred in both groups at 1 hour, 4 hours, and 8 hours after the CPB compared with the same group at the baseline before the CPB (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Intermittent ventilation has protective effects on the lung injury during CPB by decreasing granulocyte adhesion and the level of lung cytokines, alleviating the lung inflammatory reaction and endothelial cell injury.