肾移植术后院内尿路感染的细菌学分析

目的：探讨肾移植术后院内发生尿路感染(UTI)的细菌学分布。方法：将148例肾移植患者分早期组和近期组，分析其UTI的细菌学分布情况。结果：早期组76例中发生UTI30例。分离出真菌16株，肠杆菌科菌14株，粪肠球菌4株，其他菌11株，其中多重耐药菌9株；并发严重毒血症4例。近期组72例中发生UTI16例，分离出真菌4株。肠杆菌科菌9株，粪肠球菌5株，其他菌4株；其中多重耐药菌株共同10株；并发严重毒血症7例。结论：大肠杆菌、粪肠球菌是肾移植术后院内发生UTI的主要病原菌；多重耐药菌株感染、严重毒血症及支原体感染。增加了肾移植的近期风险。

Study on the etiology and risks of urinary tract infection after kidney transplantation

Objective:To probe into the etiology and risks of urinary tract infection (UTI) after kidney transplantation.Methods:To monitor regularly the pathogenic bacteria of urine in 148 cases of patients after renal transplantation and they were divided into the earlier group(group A) and the later group(group B). The relation between the pathogens and the UTI rate was analyzed statistically.Results:In Group A with 76 cases, pathogens could be detected in the urine of 30 cases. The pathogens were fungus(16 cases), Enterobacter(14 cases), E. faecalis(4 cases) and the others(11 cases), among which there were 9 cases infected with multiple drug resistance strain and 4 cases with the severe toxemia. In Group B with 72 cases, 16 cases had the UTI. The pathogens were fungus(4 cases), Enterobacter(9 cases), E. faecalis(5 cases) and the others(4 case). 10 cases got multiple drug resistance strain and 7 cases suffered from the severe toxemia.Conclusions:Enterobacter and E. faecalis are the major pathogens in UTI after kidney transplantation. Multiple drug resistance strain infection and severe toxemia are the clinical risks of UTI. And the infection of mycoplasma would increase the risk of kidney transplantation in the near future.