73例巨指(趾)畸形患者临床疗效分析

目的 分析73例巨指(趾)畸形患者的临床特点.方法 回顾性分析1965年至2006年收治的73例巨指(趾)畸形患者的资料,统计分析其发病情况、受累指(趾)的分布及特征、治疗方法、X线片及病理检查结果,对获得随访的28例患者的疗效进行分析.结果 巨指中,示指受累最多,其次为拇、中指;巨趾中,第2趾受累最多.静止型巨指(趾)12例,均为出生后即有;进展型巨指(趾)61例,发病时间不一:出生即有39例,2岁以内17例,2岁以上5例.巨指(趾)偏斜共37例;并指3例;巨拇合并大鱼际饱满16例;多指粗大合并手掌及前臂增粗8例.结论 巨指多发生在正中神经支配区,主要累及示、拇及中指,并伴有正中神经脂肪浸润;巨趾多发生在足底内侧神经支配区,以第2趾多见.进展型巨指(趾)多于静止型,且指(趾)粗大可出生即有,并可合并并指、指(趾)偏斜、大鱼际饱满、手掌及前臂增粗.

Clinical analysis of 73 cases of macrodactyly

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics of 73 cases of macrodactyly. METHODS: Review the incidence, distribution, characteristic, X-rays, pathogensis and treatment of involved digits on the base of the clinical documents of 73 macrodactyly which were treated from 1965 to 2006. Twenty-eight cases had been followed-up. RESULTS: Unilateral involved 71 cases, bilateral involved 2 cases. In upper deformities, the most involved digit was the index finger, followed by thumb and middle finger enlargement. In lower deformities, the second toes were affected more. There were 12 cases of static macrodactyly, which were all presented at or soon after birth. Sixty-one cases were progressive macrodactyly: 39 cases presented at birth; 17 cases occured at about 2 years old; 5 cases were found after age 2. Thirty-seven cases of progressive type presented digital deviation; 3 cases associated with syndactyly; 16 cases complicated with thenar eminence hypertrophy; 8 cases of multiple-digit involved combined with palm and forearm hyperplasia. CONCLUSIONS: Macrodactyly in hand has a preference for the median nerve territory, mainly involving index, thumb and middle finger. Pedal macrodactyly prefers medial plantar nerve territory, the second toe is the most commonly affected. The progressive macrodactyly is more common than static. It may present at birth and combine with syndactyly, digital deviation, thenar eminence hypertrophy, palm and forearm hyperplasia.