翼腭间隙的横断层解剖及临床意义

目的为翼腭间隙疾病的影像诊断提供解剖学资料。方法选用成年尸体头颈部20例制成连续横断面,观察翼腭间隙及其结构的解剖学关系,利用游标卡尺及求积仪分别测量其长径、宽径和面积。结果翼腭间隙形态多变,在蝶骨体层面较固定,与翼突形态密切相关、经圆孔、蝶骨体、翼突和翼窝层面的面积分别为:(40.40±2.42)mm2(左)、(43.10±2.88)mm2(右);(110.20±3.32)mm2(左)、(115.56±2.52)mm2(右);(93.20±2.76)mm2(左)、(90.82±3.12)mm2(右);(5.48±3.02)mm2(左);(5.26±2.74)mm2(右),两侧翼腭间隙及其结构呈对称性,断面长径、宽径和面积均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。横断面可清晰显示翼腭间隙前、后、内侧和外侧壁上的结构及圆孔、翼管、蝶腭孔、翼上颌裂和眶下裂等自然通道。结论翼腭间隙的横断层解剖对翼腭间隙疾病的影像诊断具有重要临床意义。

Transverse sectional anatomy and clinical significance of the pterygopalatine space

Objective To provide anatomical data for imaging diagnosis of the pterygopalatine space diseases. Methods Twenty heads and necks of adult corpses were selected and cut into transverse sequence section. Pterygopalatine space and its structures were observed and measured in the length, width and area with vernier caliper and planimeter. Results Pterygopalatine space displayed different shapes, at the sphenoinal body level, its shapes were immovable and relative to pterygoid process. At foramen rotundum, sphenoidal body, pterygoid process and pterygoid fossa level, it was (40.40±2.42) mm2 (left) and (43.10±2.88) mm2 (right), (110.20±3.32) mm2 (left) and (115.56±2.52) mm2 (right), (93.2±2.76) mm2 (left) and (90.82±3.12) mm2 (right), (5.48±3.02) mm2 (left) and (5.26±2.74) mm2 (right) in area of the pterygopalatine space respectively. Pterygopalatine space and its structures were symmetrical of both sides, there were no significant difference in the length, area and width (P>0.05). It was better to show the anterior, posterior, medial and lateral wall of the pterygopalatine space and its communication paths, including foramen rotundum, pterygoid canal, sphenopalatine foramen, pterygomaxillary fissure and inferior orbital fissure on transverse section. Conclusion Transverse sectional anatomy of the pterygopalation space has an important significance for imaging diagnosis of the pterygopalation space diseases.