直肠癌根治性前切除后复发转移的危险因素

目的 研究直肠癌根治性前切除后复发转移的危险因素。方法 回顾性分析1983—2000年间单个医疗机构直肠癌根治性前切除的957例患者的临床资料，分析复发转移的危险因素。结果 共计有150例患者（15．7％）复发转移，复发转移部位依次为盆腔内局部复发57例（6．0％）、肝脏转移47例（4．9％）、肺部转移40例（4．2％）和其他部位转移6例（0．6％），中位复发转移时间18个月（2—85个月）。复发转移后中位生存8个月（1—62个月）。23例患者（15．3％）切除了肿瘤，术后中位生存30个月，生存超过5年者只有3例（13．0％）。低龄（P=0．024）、有肿瘤家族史（P=0．000）、癌胚抗原（CEA）水平（P=0．003）、肿瘤浸透肌层（P=0．000）、淋巴结转移（P=0．000）、脉管瘤栓（P=0．000）、印戒细胞癌或黏液腺癌（P=0．000）显著增加复发转移的风险。Logistic回归分析发现，肿瘤家族史（P=0．001）、CEA阻性（P=0．033）、肿瘤浸透肌层（P=0．000）、淋巴结转移（P=0．000）、脉管瘤栓（P=0．001）、印戒细胞癌或者黏液腺癌（P=0．012）是有显著统计学意义的复发转移的危险因素。结论 直肠癌根治性前切除后存在特定的复发转移危险因素。盆腔、肝脏和肺是肿瘤复发转移的主要部位。

Risk factors for recurrence and metastasis after radical anterior resection for rectal cancer

Objective To investigate the risk factors for local recurrence and distant metastasis after radical anterior resection for rectal cancer. Methods Clinicopathological data of 957 patients who underwent radical anterior resection for rectal cancer from 1983 to 2000 were reviewed retrospectively. The risk factors for local recurrence and distant metastasis were analyzed. Results There were 150 recurrent or metastatic cases (15.7% ) after radical resection during a median follow- up of 71 months. Recurrence and metastasis sites included pelvics(6.0% ,n=57), liver(4.9% ,n=47), lung(4.2% ,n=40) and other sites (0.6% ,n=6). The median recurrent interval was 18months(2- 85 months),with a median survival of 8 months (1- 62 months) after recurrence. Re- resection of the tumors was performed in 23 patients(15.3% ),and the median survival of such patients was 30 months with a 5- year survival rate of 13.0% . There were significant differences in recurrence and metastasis considering age,family history of tumor,CEA level,T staging,lymph node metastasis,venous cancerous emboli and signet cell carcinoma or mucinous adenocarcinoma. Logistic regression analysis revealed that family history (P=0.001), high CEA level (P=0.033),T3- 4 (P=0.000), lymph node metastasis (P=0.000),venous cancerous emboli (P=0.001),and signet cell carcinoma or mucinous adenocarcinoma (P=0.012) were risk factors for recurrence and metastasis. Conclusions There are several risk factors for recurrence after radical anterior resection for rectal cancer. The main recurrent or metastatic sites are pelvis,liver and lung. Resection of recurrent tumor can prolong the survival.