Reference region approaches in PET: a comparative study on multiple radioligands |
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| Authors: | Francesca Zanderigo R Todd Ogden Ramin V Parsey |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stony Brook University, New York, New York, USA;2.Department of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA;3.Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA;4.Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA |
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| Abstract: | Reference region (RR) approaches (RRAs) for positron emission tomography (PET) brain studies aim to obtain full quantification without arterial input function (IF) sampling, an invasive and costly procedure. Although they need a reliable RR and are only able to estimate the nondisplaceable binding potential (BPND), RRAs are widely used. If quantitatively reliable, then RRAs can greatly benefit PET investigations, but their suitability can vary widely from radioligand to radioligand. This study compares estimates of BPND both using IF data and several common RRAs on an extensive data set for each of several radioligands. In addition, two new methods, likelihood estimation in graphical analysis with RR and a bootstrapping algorithm for estimating precision, are presented here for the first time. Although many factors contribute to the performance of each RRA, our results suggest that the kinetics in the RR have a role. In particular, RRAs tend to be good when (1) the RR distribution volume is high; (2) the transfer rate constant from plasma to free compartment in the RR is high; and (3) the transfer rate constant from free to plasma compartment in the RR is low. |
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| Keywords: | binding potential bootstrap errors brain PET quantification reference region approaches |
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