晚发性维生素K缺乏症60例临床研究

目的 探讨晚发性维生素K缺乏症60例的临床表现及特征.方法 入院后给予静脉注射维生素K5～10 mg/d,连用3～5 d,输新鲜血浆或全血10 ml/kg,1~3次,颅内高压的患儿用脱水剂、止痉剂,纠正电解质紊乱,维持酸碱平衡,对于血钙低于1.68 mmol/d者给予补充10%葡萄糖酸钙10 ml,连用3 d,恢复期给予改善脑细胞功能治疗.结果 60 例晚发性维生素K 缺乏症患儿发生颅内出血57 例(95%),经临床治疗后,死亡例(10 %),智力低下8例(14.9%),肢体功能障碍10例(18.6%).结论 预防性应用维生素K1,用母乳喂养的同时,注意维生素K的补充,本病是一种缺乏性疾病,因而可以预防,把维生素K1吸收障碍或摄入不足的婴儿,作为重点预防,应用维生素K1的安全性和有效性可靠.晚发维生素K 缺乏症常早期并发颅内出血,早期诊断、早期治疗,预防性应用维生素K1 对本病的发生有重要作用.

The clinical research of Late vitamin K deficiency in 60 cases

Objective To investigate the late vitamin K deficiency in 60 cases of clinical performance and features.Methods After admission,intravenous injection of vitamin K 5~10 mg/d for 3~5 days,the infusion of fresh plasma or whole blood 10 ml/kg,1~3 times,intracranial hypertension in children with dehydrating agent,antispasmodic agents,correction of electrolyte disorders,maintain acid-base balance,calcium was lower than 1.68 mmol/d to supplement 10% calcium gluconate 10 ml,used in conjunction 3 d,recovery period given to improve the treatment of brain cell function.Results 60 cases of late vitamin K deficiency in children with intracranial hemorrhage in 57 cases(95%),after clinical treatment,death cases(10%) in 8 cases(14.9%),in mental retardation,limb dysfunction,in 10 cases(18.6%).Conclusion The prophylactic use of vitamin K1,while breastfeeding,pay attention to the supplement of vitamin K,this disease is a deficiency disease,which can prevent vitamin K1 malabsorption or inadequate intake of infants as a key prevention,application reliable safety and efficacy of vitamin K1.Late-onset vitamin K deficiency often early intracranial hemorrhage,early diagnosis,early treatment,prophylactic use of vitamin K1 plays an important role in the occurrence of the disease.