肇庆市城区学龄前儿童视力状况调查

目的了解肇庆市城区学龄前儿童视力及屈光状态,为保护儿童视力,防治屈光不正提供依据。方法采取整群随机抽样方法抽取肇庆市城区13所幼儿园4249名3～6岁儿童,应用标准对数视力表进行主观视力检查;应用美国伟伦Suresight手持式自动验光仪进行屈光检查。结果学龄前儿童视力低常率为19.51%,弱视患病率为2.49%,随着年龄增长,视力低常率和弱视患病率有降低的趋势。视力正常及视力低常儿童屈光状态均以远视为主,患病率分别为89.82%和83.83%,近视患病率分别为1.20%和9.29%,随着年龄的增长,远视患病率逐渐降低,近视患病率逐渐升高。正视率和混合散光患病率较低,且没有年龄间差异。结论学龄前儿童屈光不正以远视为主,但随着年龄的增长近视率不断提高,应对学龄前儿童定期进行视力检查,根据学龄前儿童视力变化特征,确定不同时期的防治方向。

Investigation of eyesight status of preschoolers in urban area of Zhaoqing

Objective To study the status of eyesight and ametropia of preschoolers in urban area of Zhaoqing and to provide bases for protecting eyesight anopsia and ametropia for children,Methods The subjective vision checks were conducted with the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart to the 4249 children whose age varied from 3 to 6 from 13 kindergartens of the urban area of Zhaoqing selected through cluster random sampling,while the examination of refraction being conducted with handheld automatic optometry unit of American Welch Allyn,Results Among the 4249 preschoolers,the rate of abnormal vision acuity was 19.51% and the incidence of amblyopia was 2.49% while with the increase of age,they decreased gradually,The ametropia of normal eyesight and abnormal vision acuity children were mostly farsighted with the incidences 89.82% and 83.83% respectively,while the incidence of shortsightedness were 1.20% and 9.29% respectively,With the increase of age,the incidence of farsightedness decreased gradually while the incidence of shortsightedness decreased,and the incidence of emmetropia and mixed astigmatismis was low with no differences between ages,Conclusion The ametropia of preschoolers was mostly farsighted,but with the increase of age,the incidence of shortsightedness increased gradually,We must carry out periodic vision check for preschoolers and make corresponding preventive measures according to the characteristics of changes in vision of preschoolers.