浙江省舟山市新城地区水痘疫情的流行趋势分析

目的分析浙江省舟山市新城地区水痘的流行病学特征及流行趋势。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对舟山市新城地区2010 2013年连续4年的水痘疫情数据进行流行病学三间分布分析。结果 2010 2013年,舟山市新城地区共报告水痘病例127例,男性发病率为83.00/10万,女性发病率为52.00/10万,男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.836,P=0.009)。总体发病年龄主要集中在8~11岁,男女性发病略有差异,男性发病集中在低年龄组,女性各年龄组分布较为均衡。水痘患者就诊时间多在24 h以后。结论舟山市新城地区水痘流行趋势表现为男童高于女童,高发时间为每年6月和12月,该地区在水痘发生24 h内最佳诊疗时间正确做出诊断率偏低。强化高危人群的水痘疫情防控和提高医务人员诊疗水平,缩短就诊时间,能有效防控水痘疫情的流行。

Epidemiology of varicella in Xincheng district of Zhoushan,Zhejiang

Objective T understand the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Xincheng district in Zhoushan, Zhejiang province, and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of varicella. Method Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of varicella in Xincheng from 2010-2013. Results A total of 127 varicella cases were reported during this period. The incidence was 83/lakh in males and 52/lakh in females, the difference was statistically significant (2=6.836, P=0.009);Among all the age groups, the case number in age group 8-11 years was highest, but slight difference existed between males and females, i.e. the cases were mainly distributed in low age group in males and equally in females. Most varicella patients sought medical care 24 hours after onset. Conclusion More varicella cases occurred in meals than in females in Xincheng, the incidence peaks occurred in June and December. The diagnosis rate within 24 hours after onset was low. It is necessary to strengthen the health education about varicella prevention and control in high risk group, improve varicella diagnosis to prevent the incidence of varicella.