新生儿感染性肺炎病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的 对新生儿感染性肺炎病原菌分布及其耐药性分析，为临床合理选用抗生素治疗提供依据。方法 对临床诊断为感染性肺炎的新生儿患者，无菌取痰进行普通培养和高渗培养，用法国生物梅里埃系统鉴定细菌，以K—B法进行药敏分析。结果 474份标本获需氧菌205株，阳性率43．2％：其中革兰阴性杆菌占49．8％，革兰阳性球菌占39．0％，其它菌种11．2％。同时显示：革兰阴性杆菌对阿米卡星、氨曲南、诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、头孢哌酮、头孢噻肟、哌拉西林等较敏感，革兰阳性球菌对头孢噻肟、头孢哌酮、哌拉西林、环丙沙星、头孢呋辛、克林霉素、万古霉素等较敏感。结论 早期新生儿组以革兰阴性杆菌为主，晚期新生儿组以革兰阳性球菌为主。革兰阳性球菌有上升趋势，尤其是葡萄球菌上升明显。

The Distribution of Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug-tolerance in Neonatal Pneumonia

Objective This study was designed to analyse the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug-tolerance in neonatal pneumonia, and provide a therapy reference for clinic doctor to choose reasonable antibiotics and treatment in time . Methods Taking expectoration from trachea in condition of asepsis to carry through general and high-osmosis culture in neonatal pneumonia cases. Identifying bacteria by french Api-system and processing drug-sensitive test by K-B way. Result There were 205 samples with oxybiotic bacteria strain in the total of 474 samples, the positive rate is 43.2%. Among these samples, patients with G- bacillus accounts for 49.8% ,G+ bacillus 39.0%, others 11.2%. The main manifests of sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics were G- bacillus vs Amikacin Aztreonam ciprofloxacin cefoperazone cefotaxime piperacillin etc; G+ coccus vs cefotaxime cefoperazone piperacillin ciprofloxacin cefuroxime clindamycin etc. Conclusion The main pathogenic bacteria of premarryl neonatal pneumonia is G- bacillus, and later neonatus is G+ coccus. There is a rising trend in G+ coccus, especially in staphylococcus.