益生菌对重型颅脑损伤大鼠胃肠动力及胃肠激素分泌的影响

目的 探讨益生菌对重型颅脑损伤大鼠胃肠动力及胃肠激素分泌的影响.方法 建立重型颅脑伤大鼠模型,雄性SD大鼠54只,随机分为假伤组（A组,三九全营素）,肠内营养组（B组,三九全营素）、益生菌组（C组,贝飞达＋三九全营素）,每组每个时相点6只,测定胃排空率,小肠推进率、血浆胃动素（MTL）及降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）含量的变化.结果 与假伤组相比,伤后1d,两致伤组大鼠胃排空率和小肠推进率均降低（P〈0.01）;伤后3 d,肠内营养组胃排空率仍降低（P〈0.01）,益生菌组胃排空率升高（P〈0.05）,益生菌组较肠内营养组大鼠胃排空率加快（P〈0.01）;肠内营养组大鼠小肠推进率降低（P〈0.01）,但益生菌组小肠推进率高于肠内营养组（P〈0.05）;伤后7 d,各组间胃排空率和小肠传输率差异均无统计学意义.伤后1 d,与假伤组比较,肠内营养组和益生菌组大鼠血浆MTL和CGRP含量均升高,但益生菌组大鼠血浆MTL含量低于肠内营养组;伤后3 d,与假伤组比较,肠内营养大鼠血浆MTL和CGRP含量仍较高（P〈0.01）,益生菌组血浆MTL和CGRP含量均低于肠内营养组（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）;伤后7 d,3组间血浆MTL和CGRP含量差异均无统计学意义.结论 重型颅脑损伤可导致胃肠动力障碍及激素水平的紊乱.添加益生菌的早期肠内营养可改善胃排空率及小肠推进率并调控伤后过度增高的MTL和CGRP含量.

Influence of probiotics on gastrointestinal motility and hormone secretion of rats with severe brain injury

Objective To investigate the influence of probiotics on gastrointestinal motility and hormone secretion of rats with severe brain injury. Methods Severe brain injury rats were prepared. 54 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: group A ( sham-operation), group B ( standard enteral nutrition) and group C (standard enteral nutrition plus probiotics). Each group was equally divided into three subgroups on 1 d, 3d, 7 d, respectively. Gastric emptying rate, intestinal transmission rate, motilin ( MTL) and calcitonin gene related protein (CGRP) level in plasma were measured 1 d, 3 d, 7 d post trauma. Results Compared with group A, gastric emptying rate and intestinal transmission rate decreased significantly on 1 d post trauma(P <0. 01). They were still much lower in group B on 3 d post trauma(P < 0. 01), while they increased significantly in group C on 3 d post trauma(P <0.05). MTL and CGRP level in plasma increased significantly after severe brain injury; however, the levels in group B were much higher than those in group C on 1 d and 3d(P<0.01). There was no significant difference among the three groups regarding gastric emptying rate, intestinal transmission rate, and MTL and CGRP level. Conclusions Severe brain injury could induce disorder of gastrointestinal motility and dysfunction of hormone level. Early enteral nutrition supplemented with probiotics could improve gastrointestinal motility and transmission and regulate highly increased gastrointestinal hormone after severe brain injury.