37例骨髓增生异常综合征的细胞遗传学研究

目的探讨骨髓增生异常综合征的细胞遗传学、血液学与预后的相互关系。方法采用骨髓直接法和24h短期培养法制备染色体标本，用R显带技术，对37例MDS进行核型分析。按FAB分型：难治性贫血18例（占48．6％），难治性贫血伴原始细胞增多13例（占25．1％），难治性贫血伴原始细胞增多转变型6例（占16．2％）。结果37例MDS中16例检出染色体异常核型（占43．0％），数目异常4例，结构异常5例，数目及结构异常7例；1例出现核型演变。结论细胞遗传学在MDS的诊断、病情发展和预后判断中起着至关重要的作用。

The Study of Cytogenetic in 37 Cases with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Objective To analyse the relationship among cytogenetics, morphology and prognosis of the myelodysplastic syndrome （MDS） patients. Methods Of all the 37 MDS patients, cytogenetics analysis of bone marrow cells was performed by direct method and/or 24h culture method, the karyotype was analysed by R banding technique. According to the FAB criteria, 18 patients presented with refractory anemia （RA）,13 with refractory anemia with excess blasts （RAEB）,6 with refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation. Results Out of the 37 MDS patients, 16 were found with abnormal karyotype, four of them were numerical abnormality, five of them were structural abnomalities, seven of them were both numerical and structural abnomalities, one of them was evolution of chromosome aberration. Conclusion Cytogenetics is very important in the MDS＇s diagnosis, progress and prognosis.