恶性胸腔积液的诊断 ——附114例报道

目的 探讨恶性胸腔积液的诊断方法及特点。方法 对114例恶性胸腔积液患者的诊断资料及方法进行回顾性分析。结果 110例经胸水脱落细胞学检查获得明确诊断，4例在胸腔镜下行胸膜活检而确诊。66例胸腔内留置微管排液送检，均未出现并发症；48例行胸腔穿刺排液送检，其中有9例出现气胸、复张性肺水肿、胸膜反应等并发症。结论 应对中等量以上胸腔积液患者积极进行胸水脱落细胞学检查；对于诊断困难的病例，可应用胸腔镜行胸膜活检：胸腔内留置微管可多次、随时获取标本，值得临床推广。

Diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion——Report of 114 cases

Objective To probe the diangosis methods of malignant pleural effusion and their characters.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 114 cases malignant pleural effusion about their diagnosis methods. Results 110 cases were diagnosed by pleural fluid cytology, 4 cases were diagnosed by thorascopic biopsy of the pleura. In 66 cases, the pleural fluids were acquired by the tunnelled pleural catheters and no complications happened.In 48 cases, the pleural fluids were acquired by the thoracentesis and 9 cases with complications of pneunothorax, reexpansion pulmonary edema, pleural reaction. Conclusion Most patients could be diagnosed by the pleural fluid cytology. To some cases, the thorascopic biopsy of the pleura are need. By the tunnelled pleural catheters,the pleural fluids could get more easily and conveniently.