肥大细胞在哮喘发生发展中的作用机制及中医药调控作用

哮喘在中医学中属于哮病、喘症的范畴，是以气道平滑肌收缩、免疫细胞浸润和气道重塑等为特征的气道炎症疾病。肥大细胞为非特异性免疫细胞，在哮喘的形成和发展中扮演关键角色。中医药对哮喘的防治具有独特优势，但具体机制尚不明确。通过对相关研究综述后发现，肥大细胞活化后释放的组胺、蛋白酶、细胞因子等介质在哮喘气道损伤及重塑的病理过程中起重要作用。此外，中药复方制剂、单味中药及其活性成分、中成药及中医外治法等中医药方法可通过调节肥大细胞活化，抑制多种炎症介质和细胞因子的表达，进而发挥对哮喘的治疗作用。

Mechanism of Mast Cells in Pathogenesis of Asthma and Regulatory Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Asthma belongs to the category of wheezing disease in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).It is an inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by smooth muscle contraction of airways,immune cell infiltration,and airway remodeling.Mast cells are non-specific immune cells that play a key role in the formation and development of asthma.TCM has unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of asthma,but the specific mechanism is not yet clear.After reviewing relevant research,it was found that mediators such as histamine,protease,and cytokines released after the activation of mast cells play an important role in the pathological process of airway injury and remodeling in asthma.In addition,TCM methods such as compound Chinese medicine preparations,single Chinese medicine and its active ingredients,traditional Chinese patent medicines,and external treatment of TCM can play a therapeutic role in asthma by regulating mast cell activation and inhibiting the expression of various inflammatory mediators and cytokines.