肝吸虫病流行区实施生态养殖对肝吸虫传播的影响

目的研究改建鱼塘上厕所和养猪栏等的生态养殖方式对肝吸虫传播的影响。方法选择深圳市自然环境相似的两个村庄，对其中一个流行村进行鱼塘上厕所和养猪栏的改建等综合处理，实施干预两年后，用直接镜检和PCR法比较检测两村淡水螺体内肝吸虫尾蚴和鱼体内肝吸虫囊蚴的感染情况。结果在两个村共抽肝吸虫第一中间宿主淡水螺2000只，各类淡水鱼240份，在实验村淡水螺肝吸虫尾蚴和淡水鱼肝吸虫囊蚴的感染率分别为0．7％（7／1000）和6．67％（8／120），而在对照村沼螺肝吸虫尾蚴和淡水鱼肝吸虫囊蚴的感染率分别为1．6％（16／1000）和14．1％（17／120）。结论在肝吸虫病流行区实施鱼塘上厕所改造，防止粪便直接投入鱼塘可以降低肝吸虫第一和第二中间宿主的感染率，有效的阻断肝吸虫的传播，防止人群感染肝吸虫病。

Relationship between propagation of Clonorchis sinensis and ecology cultivation

Objective To study relationship between the tansmission route and epidemiological extent of Clonochis sinensis （C.sinensis） and building toilet on the fishpond in Shenzhen area. Methods Blood samples were collected and detected antibody to C. sinensis with ELISA, and stool specimens from sera positives were examined by modified Kato-Katz thick smear to confirm infection density, and infection of intermediate host of C.sinensis by PCR and morphology examination microscope. Two villages were selected carrying out the experiment, and integrated control measures including modification of toilets on the fishpond and conducting health education, and another village act as control. The results of analyzed two years after trial . Results Infection rate of the first intermediate host of snail was 0.7% （7/1000）, and that of the second intermediate host fresh water fish was 6.67%（8/120）, The new infection rate of residents in the experimenal and control villages were 2.4%（6/250） and 5%（/21/423）. In the control village the infection rates of snails and fresh water fish werel.6% （16/1000） and 14.1%（17/120） . Conclusion Integrated control measures can effectively reduce the infection rates of C. sinensis in the first and second intermediate hosts.