老年下呼吸道感染患者病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的：探讨老年下呼吸道感染患者病原菌分布及耐药性。方法选取我院2012年3月—2013年5月收治的老年下呼吸道感染患者3560例，对其痰液中分离出的革兰阴性菌进行药敏试验。结果所有患者痰液中检出革兰阴性菌1200株，革兰阳性菌570株。1200例革兰阴性菌中，肺炎克雷伯杆菌（25.8%）、大肠埃希菌（24.5%），鲍曼不动杆菌（14.1%）所占比例最大。药敏试验结果显示：革兰阴性菌对常用抗生素耐药性最低的为亚胺培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦。结论革兰阴性菌是老年下呼吸道感染患者的主要病原菌，观察其病原菌分布并进行耐药性监测对临床有重要的指导意义。

Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Aged Patients with Lower Respiratory Infection

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in aged patients with lower respiratory infection. Methods A total of 3560 elderly patients with lower respiratory infection in our hospital were select-ed from March 2012 to May 2013,and then antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out on gram-negative bacteria separated out from sputum. Results In the 3560 patients,1200 strains of gram-negative bacteria and 570 strains of gram-positive bac-teria were separated out. In the 1200 strains of gram -negative bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae （ 25. 8%）, Escherichia coli （24. 5%）,Bauman Acinetobacter（14. 1%） accounted for the largest proportion. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests showed that,imipenem and piperacillin/tazobac were the lowest resistant drugs to gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion Gram-nega-tive bacteria is the pathogenic bacteria of aged patients with lower respiratory infection,monitoring its distribution and drug re-sistance has important guiding significance.