糖尿病与高龄老年人群认知功能障碍发生的相关性

目的探讨高龄老年认知功能障碍人群中糖尿病与认知功能障碍之间的相关性，明确糖尿病对于高龄老年认知功能障碍的影响。 方法 本研究为横断面研究，对解放军总医院2009年1月~2012年12月神经内科住院及门诊有记忆力障碍主诉的80岁以上高龄老人采集病史，神经系统查体和神经心理量表测定，明确不同认知功能障碍人群糖尿病的患病率及糖尿病与认知功能障碍评分的相关性。 结果 共纳入286病例，其中正常组60例(21.0%)，MCI组85例(29.7%)，痴呆组141例(49.3%)。糖尿病在正常组患病率为8.33%(95%CI 18.5%~30.3%)，MCI组23.53%(95%CI 14.4%~36.3%)，痴呆组为29.79%(95%CI 21.5%~40.3%)。糖尿病患病率在正常组与痴呆组相比有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman等级相关分析表明，糖尿病与MMSE(r=-0.154，P=0.00924)和CDT(r=-0.155，P=0.0115)存在显著负相关。多因素logistic回归分析表明，该人群原发性高血压病与糖尿病显著相关(P<0.05)。 结论 在高龄痴呆病人中糖尿病的患病率显著升高，与认知功能减退具有显著相关性，积极控制糖尿病对于高龄痴呆的防治具有重要意义。 

Correlation between Diabetes and cognitive dysfunction in the aged population

Objective To explore the correlation between diabetes and cognitive dysfunction and to elucidate the effect of diabetes on cognitive dysfunction in the aged population. Methods The study was a cross-sectional study. People with subjective complaints (80 years old) were approached through inpatient and outpatient neurology practices between January 2009 and December 2012. Medical History acquisition, neurological examination and neuropsychological scales assessment was conducted. The prevalence of diabetes in different cognitive function populations and the effect of diabetes on cognitive dysfunction were analyzed. Results A total of 286 aged patients were enrolled in this study, among which 60 had normal cognitive function, 85 had mild cognitive impairment and 141 had dementia. The prevalence of diabetes was 8.33% (95%CI 18.5%~30.3%) in normal cognitive group vs 23.53% (95CI14.4%~36.3%) in patients with MCI and 29.79% (95%CI 21.5%~40.3%) in patients with dementia. The prevalence of diabetes in the dementia group was significantly higher than that of in normal cognitive group (P<0.05). Diabetes decreased with the MMSE and CDT score by using Spearman Rank Order Correlation. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed diabetes was significantly associated with essential hypertension. Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes in elderly patients with dementia was significantly higher and diabetes was significantly correlated with cognitive dysfunction. Tightly control of diabetes is very important for prevention and treatment of dementia in the aged population.