云南省玉溪市家鼠疫源地小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌监测分析

目的 了解云南省玉溪市家鼠鼠疫疫源地小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的分布、病原学特征及对抗生素的敏感性。方法 从元江、新平两县采集褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、小家鼠、树鼩的盲肠和舌根以及猪咽拭标本、猪粪便和腹泻病人粪便,分离小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌及毒力基因检测。结果 从3 431份标本中分离到小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌71株,总检出率为2.07%。分离株包含15株致病株和56株非致病株,有3种生物型(1A、2、3型)、3种以上血清型(O∶3、O∶5、O∶8及未分型)及3种毒力基因型别。致病株均为3/O∶3生物血清型,毒力基因以ail^＋、ystA^＋、ystB^－、yadA^＋、virF^＋为主;非致病株,血清型属于O∶5、O∶8及未分型,毒力基因以ail^－、ystA^－、ystB^＋、yadA^－、virF^－为主;分离株对阿莫西林、阿莫西林/克拉微酸、氨苄西林高度耐药,对其他大部分常用抗生素敏感性较高。结论 小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌病在玉溪家鼠鼠疫疫原地宿主中传播流行;分离菌株的血清型/生物型,毒力基因型别多样性;头孢三、四代,喹诺酮类或氨基糖甙类抗生素适宜治疗小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌引起的感染。

Monitoring and analysis on Yersinia enterocolitica in natural foci of norvegicus in Yuxi County,Yunnan Province,China

In this study, we investigated the distribution, pathogenic characterteristics and sensitivity to antibiotics of Yersinia enterocolitica in rodent plague foci in Yuxi County, Yunnan Province, China. The samples of Rattus norvegicus, Rattus flavipectus, Mus musculus, tree shrew cecum, and tongue and pharyny of swine manure, pig manure, and diarrhea patient in Yuanjiang and Xingping counties were collected. Detections of Yersinia enterocolitica and virulence gene were conducted. Seventy-one strains of Yersinia enterocolitica were screened from 3 431 samples and the positive detection rate was 2.07%. There were 15 isolates of pathogenic strains and 56 non-pathogen strains among them. They were divided into three biological types (1A, 2, 3), more than 3 serotypes (O∶3,O∶5,O∶8 and not classified type), and 3 virulence gene types. All pathogenic strains were serotype 3/o∶3 with major genotypes of ail^＋, ystA^＋, ystB^－, yadA^＋, and virF^＋. The serotypes of non-pathogen strains were O∶5, O∶8 and not classified type. Virulence genes in the non-pathogen isolates were mainly ail^－, ystA^－, ystB^＋, yadA^－, and virF^－. All strains were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin/carat and ampicillin, while sensitive to most of common antibiotics. Yersinia enterocolitica occur in sporadic in norvegicus of Yuxi. There are diversities in serum type / biological type, virulence genotype and host for isolates of Yersinia enterocolitica. The third and fourth generations of cephalosporin, quinolones or aminoglycosides are drugs to treat the disease infected with Yersinia enterocolitica in Yuxi County.