大鼠深静脉血栓形成模型建立及观察

目的建立大鼠深静脉血栓形成（DVT）模型，观察实验大鼠术前及术后不同时间凝血酶原时间、纤维蛋白原含量、D-二聚体含量及血栓长度的变化情况。 方法将30只SD大鼠用结扎阻断下腔静脉及其分支，并用微血管夹钳夹损伤静脉壁的方法诱导深静脉血栓形成。于术前第1天及术后第1、4、7、10、14、21天采静脉血检测纤维蛋白原含量、D-二聚体含量及凝血酶原时间，并行血管造影观察血栓及血管再通情况。 结果共23只大鼠深静脉血栓模型制作成功，功率76.67%（23/30）。纤维蛋白原含量、凝血酶原时间及D-二聚体含量在术前与术后之间的差异有统计学意义，但术后不同时间之间差异无统计学意义；术后血栓长度在不同时间的差异均有统计学意义。 结论凝血酶原时间、纤维蛋白原及D-二聚体可作为是否有血栓形成的重要参考指标，但在评价病情进展及严重程度方面价值有限；血栓长度随时间先增长，后又溶解，直至消失。

Establishment and observational studies of deep venous thrombosis in rats model

ObjectiveTo establish deep venous thrombosis (DVT) model in rats, and analyze the changes of prothrombin time, fibrinogen content, D-dimer content and thrombus length before and after operation. MethodsAll of 30 SD rats were ligatured and blocked the inferior vena cava and its branches, and injured vein wall by micro vessel clamp method to induce the formation of deep venous thrombosis. Venous blood were collected to detected the fibrinogen content, D-dimer content, and prothrombin time at 1 day before operation and postoperative 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21 days. The angiography performed to observe the thrombosis and blood vessel recanalization. ResultsA total of 23 deep venous thrombosis models were successfully produced, with a power of 76.67% (23/30). Prothrombin time, fibrinogen content and D-dimer content in the preoperative and postoperative were statistically significant, but the differences were not statistically significant between different time after operation. There were significant differences in the length of thrombus in different time. ConclusionsProthrombin time, fibrinogen content and D-dimer content can be used as important reference indexes in the formation of thrombosis, but in the evaluation of disease progression and severity of the value were limited. The thrombus length increased with time, then dissolved, and disappeared.