艾滋病肺部改变的影像学诊断

目的：分析艾滋病患者肺部改变的影像学特征。材料与方法：收集经病理证实的26例肺部有阳性发现的艾滋病患者的临床及影像学资料（X线胸片及CT），临床症状有干咳，胸痛，发热等。结果：卡氏肺囊虫感染11例（41.9%)，均为双肺弥漫性病变，其中9例呈肺小叶浸润，表现为沿小叶中心分布≤1cm结节影；2例为大叶实变，卡波氏肉瘤3例(11.5%)，表现为直径≥1cm的结节，沿支气管血管周围分布，小叶间隔增厚，可伴淋巴结肿大，肺结构6例（23%），其中血型播散型肺结核2例，浸润型肺结核4例（15.4%)，影像学改变为双肺纹理增多，伴网结节状改变。结论：影像学对鉴别艾滋病患者肺部改变的类型有较大帮助，其诊断可靠。

Imaging diagnosis of pulmonic damage in patients with AIDS

Objective:To discuss the significance of radiological examination and its usefulness in analysing the imaging features of lung diseases in AIDS patients.Material and Methods:The clinical and radiological information of 26AIDS cases with positive signs in lung were collected.All cases were proven pathologically.Clinical symptom s included nonproductive cough,dyspnea and fever.Results:Eleven(41.5%)patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia(PCP)showed diffuse pulmonary lesions,9patients showed lobular infiltration.Three cases(11.5%)were Kaposi's sarcoma(KS).It was presented as irregular nod-ules distributed along peribronchovascular tissue (nodules bigger than1cm in diameter),interlobular septal thickening and lym-phadenopathy.Tuberculosis?mycobacterium infection was seen in six patients(23%),including2cases of acute miliary tuberculo-sis,and4infiltrative tuberculosis.Conclusions :The AIDS patients who are immunocompromised often suffer various pul-monary infections.The potential causes of infection can be differentiated by using X-ray combined with CT.