孤独谱系障碍营养补充治疗的研究进展

孤独谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)是病因复杂的神经发育障碍疾病,患病率逐年增多,成为严重的公共卫生问题。一些营养素可能与ASD发生发展有关,部分营养素缺乏成为ASD发病的潜在危险因素之一,因此,营养补充治疗ASD受到关注。二十二碳六烯酸和二十五碳烯酸、维生素A、维生素B12和叶酸、锌、铁等营养素对脑发育和整个生命周期极为重要。由于ASD的发病机制为环境因素与基因相互作用,且ASD具有较明显的异质性,故这些营养素的缺乏或许是发病的关键因素之一,并能够加重ASD的核心症状。另外,益生菌通过脑-肠轴调节脑功能,若调节失衡可能会导致中枢神经系统疾病。

Research progress in nutritional supplement therapy for autism spectrum disorders

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental disorder with complex etiology.The prevalence of ASD is increasing year by year.It has become a serious public health problem.Some nutrients may be related to the occurrence and development of ASD,and some nutrient deficiencies have become one of the potential risk factors of ASD.Therefore,nutritional supplement therapy for ASD has attracted much attention.Docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid,vitamin A,vitamin B12,folic acid,zinc,iron and other nutrients are extremely important for brain development and the entire life cycle.The pathogenesis of ASD is the interaction of environmental factors and genes.And ASD has obvious heterogeneity,so the lack of these nutrients may be one of the key factors of the disease,and can aggravate the core symptoms of ASD.In addition,probiotics regulate brain function through the brain-gut axis.If the regulation is unbalanced,it may lead to central nervous system diseases.