婴幼儿哮喘肺功能测定的意义和评价

目的　探讨婴幼儿哮喘发作期与缓解期肺功能的变化规律。方法　用潮气流速容量环、被动流速容量技术和开放式氮冲洗法检测广州市儿童医院呼吸科 1998年 2月至 2 0 0 0年 8月收治的 81例婴幼儿哮喘发作期的肺功能指标 ,对其中 34例又检测其缓解期肺功能。同时对 5 4例无呼吸道疾病的婴幼儿进行肺功能检测 ,作为正常对照。结果　婴幼儿哮喘发作期与缓解期相比较 :潮气量 (TV/kg)和呼吸频率 (RR )差异有显著性意义 ( P <0 0 0 1) ,反映小气道功能的指标到达潮气呼气峰流速时的呼出气量 /潮气量 ( %V PF)和呼出 75 %潮气量时的呼气流速 /潮气呼气峰流速 ( 2 5 /PF)差异有显著性意义 ( P <0 0 0 1) ;反映大气道功能的指标潮气呼气中期流速 /潮气呼气中期流速 (ME/MI)和每千克体重功能残气量 (FRC/kg)差异也有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ;81例婴幼儿哮喘发作期和 5 4例正常对照组的 %V PF和 2 5 /PF差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 0 1)。ME/MI(P <0 0 5 )差异有显著性。 34例缓解期患儿与 5 4例对照组相比 ,2 5 /PF和ME/MI(P <0 0 5 )差异有显著性意义。结论　 %V PF和 2 5 /PF是检测小气道功能的敏感指标 ,ME/MI是检测大气道功能的敏感指标 ,某些指标在婴幼儿哮喘患儿的缓解期和正常对照组相比仍有差异 ,说明长

Pulmonary function examination of infants with asthma

Objective To disclose the changing rules of pulmonary function in infants with asthma in acute exacerbation stage and releving stage.Methods The pulmonary function of 81 toddler children with asthma was measured with use of tidal flow volume curve,passive expiratory flow volume techniques,open Nitrogen washout method in their exacerbation stage,in which 34 of the 81 children's pulmonary functions were also measured in their relieving stage.Results The TV/kg and RR were significantly different in exacerbation stage and relieving stage (P<0 001),showing the small airway function.Same difference was also found in ME/MI and FRC/kg,which mainly showed large airway function(P<0 05).When the values of pulmonary function of 81 asthmatic infants were compared with that of 54 normal infants,%V PF,25/PF(P<0 001) and ME/MI(P<0 05) were significantly different.But still significant difference were noticed in 25/PF and ME/MI (P<0 05) between 34 relieving stage asthmatic infants and normal 54 ones.Conclusion %V PF and 25/PF are sensitive indexes showing small airway function,while ME/MI is a sensitive index showing large airway function.Still some indexes appear abnormal in relieving stage.That suggests long term treatment is necessary.The pulmonary function examination is very important in the assessment of severity and treatment of toddler children with asthma.