两种酶联免疫吸附法检测乙肝表面抗原的结果比较

目的 比较乙肝表面抗原-酶联免疫吸附试验一步法(简称一步法)和乙肝表面抗原-酶联免疫吸附试验二步法(简称二步法)检测乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)的结果,研究钩状效应对一步法检测HBsAg结果的影响,评价二步法检测HBsAg的应用价值.方法 分别用一步法和二步法检测1200份无偿献血者初检标本,并用一步法(稀释法)检测怀疑存在钩状效应的标本6份.结果 一步法检测出29份HBsAg阳性,二步法检测出35份HBsAg阳性,6份一步法检测结果阴性怀疑存在钩状效应的标本进行1∶5、1∶10、1∶30、1∶60倍稀释后,再采用一步法进行检测,分别有6份、6份、4份、3份结果转为阳性.结论 采用二步法或一步法同时对标本进行一定倍数稀释后检测,可以克服钩状效应,提高检测的敏感度.

Comparison on results of measuring HBsAg by one-step and two-step ELISA

Objective To compare the results of HBsAg measured by one-step and two-step ELISA,investigate the influence of hook effect on HBsAg measure and to study the value of two-step ELISA in HBsAg measure.Methods A total of 1200 samples of unpaid blood donors′ were tested by one-step HBsAg-ELISA and two-step HBsAg-ELISA separately.Six samples with suspected hook effect were measured with one-step ELISA(diluted).Results A total of 29 cases were diagnosed positive by one-step ELISA,35 cases were diagnosed positive by two-step ELISA.After 1:5,1:10,1:30,1:60 dilution.The six negative cases with suspected hook effect were detected again by one-step ELISA and 6,6,4,3 cases turned to be positive respectively.Conclusion The hook effect can be eliminated by two-step ELISA or one-step ELISA after diluting all samples and the detection sensitivity can be increased.