广州5～6岁健康儿童的食物特殊动力作用

本实验对各类食物在学龄前儿童中的食物特殊动力作用(SDA)进行了测定。以广州5～6岁健康儿童作为观察对象,采用开放式间接量热法测定摄入食物前后3小时内能量代谢的动态变化。结果表明:蛋白质类食物的特殊动力作用较脂肪和碳水化物高。鸡蛋白、精牛肉、脱脂奶、牛肉丸、人造奶油、蔗糖、蛋炒饭和淀粉的特殊动力作用分别为22.95％、22.22％、20.90％、18.93％、12.37％、10.73％、9.84％和8.95％。各种产热营养素按较合理的热量比例混合后,特殊动力作用减少约五之一。根据本测定结果,在摄入日常混合膳食的情况下,全日食物特殊动力作用的能量消耗约占全日食物总热量的10％。

The Specific Dynamic Actions of Foodstuffs in Preschool Children

The specific dynamic actions for eight kinds of food in normal boys and girls aged 5~6 years were studied. The increasement of energy over basal metabolism level in a 3-hour period after different test meal at bed rest was estimated by open-circuiti ndirect calorimetry. The respiration samples were taken every 45 minutes after the completion of the test meal, oxygen and carbon dioxide were analysed using Beckman OM-11 oxygen analyser and Beckman LB-2 gas analyser. The result on average SDA of egg white was 22.95%, lean beef 22.22%, skimmed milk 20.90%, margarine 12.37%, sucrose 10.73%, starch 8.95%, the mixture of beef and starch 18.93%, The SDA on a typical mixed diet, made of whole egg, vegetable oil and rice, was 9.84%, which was one-fifth lower than the value calculated from the SDA of the three kinds of nutrient separately. There was considerable variation in SDA among subjects.The metabolic rate curves of high protein foods reached higher peaks than that of carbohydrates, but the peaks of carbohydrates appeared earlier than that of high protein foods. A highly significant correlation was found between protein per calories and SDA.Based on the results of SDA measurement of individual nutrients and dietary survey, the daily energy expenditure of SDA was estimated to be about 10% of the energy contained in the food on the ordinary mixed diet for preschool children.