社区老年留置胃管患者口腔健康调查及影响因素研究

目的了解社区老年留置胃管患者口腔健康状况并分析其影响因素。方法采用一般资料调查问卷、日常生活活动能力量表、改良版Beck口腔评分表和流行病研究中心抑郁调查量表,对127例社区老年留置胃管患者及其主要照护者进行调查,并对患者口腔pH值进行测量。结果社区老年留置胃管患者Beck口腔得分为(10.02±2.39)分,96.85%患者存在不同程度的口腔功能受损,71.65%患者口腔pH值呈酸性。多重线性回归分析结果显示,患者胃管留置时间、清洁口腔频率、口腔pH值,以及照护者与患者关系、刷牙频率、抑郁程度为老年留置胃管患者口腔健康状况的影响因素(P0.05,P0.01)。结论社区老年留置胃管患者口腔健康状况不容乐观,主要照护者应重视老年患者留置胃管的口腔清洁,家属和社区工作者应提供正确的指引并关爱照护者,培养其正确的刷牙习惯。

Oral health status of community elderly patients with an indwelling gastric feeding tube: the influencing factors

Objective To investigate oral health status of community elderly patients with an indwelling gastric feeding tube,and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods A demographic questionnaire,the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale and the modified version of Beck Oral Score and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) were used to investigate 127 community elderly patients with indwelling gastric tube and their main caregivers,then pH value ofpatients' oral cavity was measured.Results The oral Beck score of the community elderly patients with indwelling gastric tube was (10.02 ± 2.39) points,and 96.85 ％ had varied degree oral functional impairment;the pH value of 71.65％ oral cavity was acidic.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gastric tube indwelling time,frequency of patient oral care by caregivers,and the relationship between caregivers and patients,frequency of caregiver tooth brushing for themselves,depression state contributed to affect oral health status of community elderly patients with an indwelling gastric feeding tube(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Oral health status of community elderly patients with an indwelling gastric feeding tube is less satisfactory.Main caregivers should pay attention to these patients' oral hygiene;meanwhile,family members and community workers should provide correct guidance to the main caregivers,and help them foster correct teeth-brushing habits.