脑卒中患者跌倒风险认知和行为意向问卷的编制及信效度检验

目的编制适用于脑卒中患者的跌倒风险认知和行为意向问卷。方法依据健康行为过程取向(HAPA)理论和文献分析,运用德尔菲(Delphi)法拟定问卷条目池,通过小样本预试验形成脑卒中患者跌倒风险认知和行为意向问卷测试版。利用测试版对221例神经内科脑卒中患者进行探索性因子分析并确定问卷信效度。结果经探索性因子分析提取10个公因子,累积方差贡献率为75.17%,提取的公因子与预先根据理论框架设计的结构假设相符,组成量表整体Cronbach′sα系数为0.934,问卷内部一致性良好。终版问卷包括58个条目,6个理论因素(风险认知、结果预期、任务自我效能、行为意向、执行意向、应对自我效能),可归入10个变量。结论编制的脑卒中跌倒风险认知和行为意向问卷有良好的信效度且与假设理论框架相一致,为评估患者预防跌倒的健康行为提供测评工具。

Development of the Fall Risk Perception and Behavior Intention Questionnaire of Stroke Patients : reliability and validity testing

Objective To formulate a fall risk perception and behavior intention questionnaire which is suitable for stroke patients.Methods On the basis of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory,Delphi method was used to develop questionnaire item pool,then the first draft of the questionnaire was formed by a small sample survey.Later,221 stroke patients in neurology department were selected for questionnaire survey to test the reliability and validity.Results Ten factors were extracted through exploratory factor analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 75.17％.The 10 factors were consistent with preliminary design and the Cronbach's a coefficient was 0.934,indicating good internal consistency.The final version of the questionnaire consisted of 6 theoretical factors(risk perception,outcome expectancies,fall self-efficacy,behavioral intention,implementation intention,and coping self-efficacy),totaling 58 items,which could be factorized into 10 variables.Conclusion The Fall Risk Perception and Behavior Intention Questionnaire of Stroke Patients has good reliability and validity,and the questionnaire is consistent with the theoretical framework,and can serve as a tool to assess fall-preventing behaviors of stroke patients.