产后女性疲乏与气质类型及应对方式的相关性分析

目的了解产后女性的疲乏现状及与气质类型、应对方式的相关性,为产后疲乏管理提供参考。方法采用疲乏评定量表、气质评定量表和应对方式问卷调查136名产后女性。结果存在产后疲乏症状的女性占75.00%,整体属于中度疲乏;产后女性为多血质型气质的占17.65%,胆汁质型69.12%,粘液质型7.35%,抑郁质型5.88%;产后女性采用的应对方式依次为解决问题(0.65±0.21)分、自责(0.47±0.16)分、求助(0.51±0.19)分、幻想(0.47±0.14)分、退避(0.46±0.12)分、合理化(0.40±0.13)分。回归分析显示,胆汁质、粘液质、抑郁质、自责、退避为产后疲乏程度的预测因子(调整R2=0.209)。结论胆汁质和抑郁质型气质、自责、退避型应对方式是产后疲乏的危险因素,医护人员应注意观察产后女性的气质类型和应对方式,预防产后疲乏发生。

Postpartum fatigue and its relationship with temperament type and coping styles among puerperal women

Objective To understand postpartum fatigue and its relationship with temperament type and coping styles among puerperal women,so as to provide reference for postpartum fatigue management.Methods Totally 136 puerperal women were in vestigated using Fatigue Assessment Instrument,Temperament Type Test Scale and Coping Style Questionnaire.Results Totally 75.00 ％ women had fatigue symptom,which was in a moderate level on the whole;the proportion of the women with sanguineous,choleric,phlegmatical and melancholic temperament was 17.65％,69.12％,7.35％ and 5.88％ respectively;the coping style utilized in a descending order was problem solving (0.65±0.21),self-accusation (0.47±0.16),help (0.51±0.19),fantasy(0.47± 0.14),retreat (0.46 ± 0.12) and rationalization (0.40 ± 0.13).Regression analysis showed that,choleric,phlegmatical and melancholic temperament,self-accusation and retreat coping were predictors of postpartum fatigue (adjusted R square was 0.209).Conclusion Choleric and melancholic temperament,and self-accusation and retreat coping are risk factors of postpartum fatigue,medical staff should observe temperament types and coping styles of puerperal women to prevent postpartum fatigue.