居家腹膜透析患儿父母照顾负担水平及其影响因素调查

目的了解居家腹膜透析患儿父母所承受的照顾负担及其影响因素,为建立照顾者培训体系提供参考。方法应用Zarit照顾者负担量表和社会支持评定量表对上海市某三级甲等儿科专科医院腹膜透析中心的110名居家腹膜透析患儿父母进行调查。结果居家腹膜透析患儿父母照顾者负担呈重度水平(42.11±15.01)。患儿父母获得的社会支持评分处于中等水平(38.68±9.68),与国内常模比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。多元逐步回归分析显示,患儿年龄、腹透时间及患儿父母的疾病知识知晓程度是父母照顾负担的预测因素,可解释照顾负担30.6%的变异量。结论腹膜透析患儿父母的照顾负担较重,获得社会支持水平处于中等水平,患儿年龄、腹透时间长短以及患儿父母对疾病知识的知晓度影响照顾者负担,建议临床透析管理人员对在居家治疗初期的患儿父母以及低龄患儿父母给予更多技术支持和情感支持,多渠道提高和强化患儿父母的居家治疗护理知识,协助患儿父母优质化管理腹透患儿的居家治疗。

Care burden among parents of children undergoing peritoneal dialysis at home and its influencing factors

Objective To understand the care burden among parents of children undergoing peritoneal dialysis at home and its influen cing factors,and to provide reference for establishment of caregiver training system.Methods Zarit Burden Inventory (ZBI) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS)were utilized to investigate 110 parents of peritoneal dialysis children at home in a peritoneal dialysis center of a grade three pediatric hospital in Shanghai.Results The parents' care burden was heavy (42.11 ± 15.01).The parents' social support was at a moderate level (38.68± 9.68),and there was significant difference when it compared with the national norm (P＜0.01).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that,children age,peritoneal dialysis time and parents' di sease awareness level were predictors of parents' care burden,which could explain 35.0％ of the total variance.Conclusion Parents of children undergoing peritoneal dialysis suffer heavy care burden,while their social support is at a moderate level.Children age,peritoneal dialysis time and parents' disease awareness level affect caregivers' burden.Clinical dialysis managers should give more technical and emotional support to those parents with children undergoing early peritoneal dialysis at home or at a younger age,to improve and strengthen their knowledge of home dialysis and care through multi-channel,assist parents to manage home treatment with high quality.