The association between anxiety and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels: Results from the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Study |
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| Authors: | T. Liukkonen,P. Rä sä nen,J. Jokelainen,M. Leinonen,M.-R. Jä rvelin,V.B. Meyer-Rochow,M. Timonen |
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| Affiliation: | aSavonlinna Central Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Keskussairaalantie 6, 57120 Savonlinna, Finland;bUniversity of Oulu, Institute of Health Sciences, Box 5000, 90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland;cUniversity of Oulu, Department of Psychiatry, Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland;dUnit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, 90029 Oys, Finland;eInstitute for Health and Welfare, Child and Adolescent Health and Wellbeing Unit, Box 310, 90101 Oulu, Finland;fDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College, Faculty of Medicine, Norfolk Place, London, W21 PG, UK;gBiocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland;hLifecourse and service Department, National Institute of Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 310, 90101 Oulu, Finland;iJacobs University Bremen, School of Engineering & Science, 28725 Bremen, Germany;jDepartment of Physiology, Box 5000, 90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland;kOulu Health Centre, Box 8, 90015 Oulu, Finland |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundAnxiety frequently accompanies low-grade inflammation-associated conditions like depression, insulin resistance, coronary heart disease and metabolic syndrome. The association between anxiety and low-grade inflammation is, unlike between depression and low-grade inflammation, a very sparsely studied area in general populations. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether anxiety symptoms as well as comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms are associated with low-grade inflammation at population level.MethodsThe general population-based Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort was followed until age 31 (n = 2688 males and 2837 females), when the highly sensitive CRP concentrations were measured. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were defined by Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25).ResultsAfter adjusting for confounders, logistic regression analyses showed that anxiety symptoms alone increased the probability for elevated hs-CRP levels (> 3.0 mg/L) in males over two-fold (2.19 CI 95% 1.08–4.46), while comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms caused a 1.7-fold (1.76 CI 95% 1.13–2.74) increase in the probability for elevated hs-CRP levels (1.0–3.0 mg/L).ConclusionsOur results support the hypothesis that anxiety as well as comorbid anxiety and depression can be associated with an increased risk for low-grade inflammation in males at population level. |
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| Keywords: | Anxiety disorders Unipolar depression Epidemiology Neuroendogrinology |
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