对儿童视神经炎病因的再认识

儿童视神经炎和成人视神经炎比较,其病因、临床表现、预后及转归多有重叠和交叉,也有其特殊性和差异。随现代流行病学谱系的变化和神经眼科跨学科交流的增强,已认识到儿童视神经炎和成人类似。对初诊为视神经炎或疑似神经炎的儿童患者,在排查眼部或其比邻病因,以及遗传性疾病的基础上,应更关注其潜在的和中枢神经系统或其他系统相关的自身免疫性疾病。本文重点围绕和中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病密切相关的儿童视神经炎进行讨论。

Recognition of the etiology of pediatric optic neuritis again

Compared with adult optic neuritis,the etiology,clinical manifestations,prognosis and outcome of pediatric optic neuritis are mostly overlapped and crossed,and also have their particularities and differences.With the changes of the pedigree of modern epidemiology and the enhancement of interdisciplinary communication in neuro-ophthalmology,it has been recognized that pediatric optic neuritis is similar to that in adults.Children who are newly diagnosed with optic neuritis or suspected neuritis should pay more attention to their underlying autoimmune diseases related to the central nervous system or other systems on the basis of investigating the causes of the eye or their neighbors,as well as hereditary diseases.This article focuses on the discussion of pediatric optic neuritis,which is closely related to demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system.