昆明市5751名中小学生健康状况调查研究

目的:为制定中小学生防病、治疗措施提供依据。方法:按照《国家学生体质、健康调查》规定方法及诊断标准要求,对昆明市5751名中小学生身体检查,所检出的疾病按上述标准判定。结果:受检5751名中小学生中,视力不良3313名,占57.60％,其中轻度不良1116名,占33.68％,中度不良788名,占23.78％,重度不良409名,占42.52％。龋齿患病率次之,占38.27％。体检中还检出扁桃体病、沙眼、鼻病、脊柱侧弯及扁平足等。另外还检出先天病术后2名,心脏病理性杂音8名,肺结核2名,脾肿大1名,小儿麻痹后遗症1例。结论:调查检出以视力不良发病率为最高,分析发现随着学生的年龄增长与学业的进步有逐年升高趋势,应引起学校、社会和家长的重视;其次为龋齿病。因此,建议学校和家长应把护眼、口腔护理作为学生身体健康的重点,应对学生加强卫生宣传教育,并定期(半年)对学生体检1次,同时应纠正学生的不良生活、学习习惯;改善照明条件,养成良好的护眼和刷牙的习惯是保障中小学生完成学业和健康成长的关键。

INVESTIGATION ON HEALTHY CONDITIONS OF 5751 STUDENTS OF PRIMARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOL IN KUNMING CITY

Objective :To investgate the healthy conditions of students of primary and middle school in Kunming city. Method: According to standard methods and diagnostic standards stipulated by Chinses student's physical and healthy investigation" , 5751 students of primary and middle school in Kunming city were examined. Results: 3313 of 5751 students are visual disturbance(57. 60% ). Among them, 1116 are light visual disturbance, 788 moderate visual disturbance and 409 serious visual disturbance. The incidence of caries takes the second place(38. 27%). The other diseases include tonisllitis. trachoma, nasal illness, scoliosis, flat foot and etc. Conclusion: It is found that the incidence of visual disturbance is the highest among all kinds of diseases diagnosed and the incidence will become higher as students grow up and study longer at school, which should be noticed by their teachers, parents and so-ciety. At the same time, the incidence of caries is asol high. Therefore, visual prevention and oral health should be the principal task of healthy education.