胆道恶性肿瘤辅助治疗的研究现状及展望

胆道恶性肿瘤侵袭性强,恶性程度高,预后差。早期根治性切除是目前首选的治疗方法,也是唯一可能获得长期生存的方法。但大多数患者初诊时已为晚期,只有约20%的患者有手术机会。不仅如此,即使行根治性手术,复发率依然极高。为了降低术后复发率,多年来人们一直致力于探索辅助治疗策略,包括放疗、化疗和放化疗结合。但大多数数据来源于Ⅱ期临床试验和回顾性研究,缺乏高质量的数据来证实辅助治疗的效果。近年来随着几项大型随机临床试验的发布以及精准治疗的发展,越来越多的研究聚焦于该领域,结果令人期待。本综述总结并分析了近年来胆道恶性肿瘤辅助治疗领域的研究数据,并探讨了未来的研究方向。

Research status and prospect of adjuvant therapy for biliary tract malignant tumors

Biliary tract malignant tumors are aggressive,high malignant and have a poor prognosis.Early radical resection is currently the preferred treatment method and the only possible long-term survival method.However,most patients are already at an advanced stage when they are diagnosed,and only about 20% of the patients have the chance of surgery.Not only that,even if radical surgery is performed,the recurrence rate is still extremely high.In order to reduce the postoperative recurrence rate,people have been committed to exploring adjuvant treatment strategies for many years,including radiotherapy,chemotherapy and combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.However,most of the data come from phase II clinical trials and retrospective studies,and there is a lack of high-quality data to confirm the effects of adjuvant therapy.In recent years,with the release of several large randomized clinical trials and the development of precision treatments,more and more studies have focused on this field,and the results are promising.This review summarizes and analyzes recent research data in the field of adjuvant treatment of biliary malignant tumors,and discusses future research directions.