Trajectories of Alzheimer disease-related cognitive measures in a longitudinal sample |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA;2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;3. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA;4. Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA;1. Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Tokyo Women''s Medical University, 8-1, Kawadacho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan;2. Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology and Taub Institute, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA;3. Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Women''s Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan;1. Pfizer, Inc., Groton, CT, USA;2. SystaMedic, Inc., Groton, CT, USA;1. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1061 Neuropsychiatrie, Montpellier, France;2. Faculty of Medicine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France;3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK;4. Metis Cognition Ltd, Kilmington Common, UK;5. Alzheimer Center VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;6. Neurology and Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portand, OR, USA;7. Department of Neurology Memory and Ageing Centre, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA;8. Department of Neurology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA;9. Clinical Research, Neuroscience and General Medicine, Eisai Inc, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA;10. Clinical Research, Neurosciences, Janssen, South San Francisco, CA, USA;11. Centre for Dementia Prevention, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK;1. Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada;2. CERNEC, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, Département de psychologie, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada;3. Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4565 Chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal, Québec H3W 1W5, Canada;4. International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Pavillon 1420 Mont-Royal, FAS – Département de psychologie, C.P. 6128, succ Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada;5. Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), 3 rue Michel-Ange 75794, Paris cedex 16, France;1. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA, USA;2. Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA;3. Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA;4. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA;5. Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA;6. Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;7. Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA;8. Knight Alzheimer''s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA;9. Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA;10. Neurology Early Clinical Development, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA, USA;11. Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women''s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;12. Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;13. Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA;14. Neuroscience Clinical Development, Neuroscience & General Medicine Product Creation Unit, Eisai Inc., Philadelphia, PA, USA;15. Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;p. Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA;q. Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA;r. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;s. Tailored Therapeutics, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA;t. Laboratory of Neuroimaging, Institute of Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;u. Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;v. Alzheimer''s Disease Core Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;w. Udall Parkinson''s Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;x. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;1. Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer''s Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;2. G.H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;3. Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;4. Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;5. Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;6. Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;7. Inserm, 1061 Neuropsychiatry, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier, France;8. Faculty of Medicine University of Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France;9. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, University College London, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe delineation of the relative temporal trajectories of specific cognitive measures associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is important for evaluating preclinical markers and monitoring disease progression.MethodsWe characterized the temporal trajectories of measures of verbal episodic memory, short-term visual memory, and mental status using data from 895 participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.ResultsThe California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) immediate recall was the first measure to decline, followed by CVLT delayed recall. However, further along the disease progression scale, CVLT delayed recall and visual memory changed more rapidly than CVLT immediate recall.ConclusionsOur findings reconcile reports of early changes in immediate recall with greater reliance on delayed recall performance in clinical settings. Moreover, the utility of cognitive markers in evaluating AD progression depends on the stage of cognitive decline, suggesting that optimal endpoints in therapeutic trials may vary across different stages of the disease process. |
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| Keywords: | Disease progression score California verbal learning test Alzheimer's disease Memory |
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