肌骨超声及MRI对膝关节退行性骨关节炎的诊断价值

目的  评估肌骨超声及MRI对膝关节退行性骨关节炎（KOA）的诊断价值。方法  选择2017年1月~2019年12月在我院接受治疗并全部接受关节镜检查的单侧KOA患者126例为研究对象。对所有纳入研究的患者行超声检查、MRI检查及关节镜检查，对肌骨超声图像及MRI图像行质量评价。以关节镜检查结果为金标准，分别评估超声、MRI检查对关节积液、滑膜增生、髌上囊积液、关节软骨损害、骨质增生、半月板损伤、韧带损伤等病变的诊断价值。结果  126例患者成功接受肌骨超声、MRI及关节镜检查。以关节镜结果为金标准，超声检查及MRI检查在KOA患者滑膜增生、髌上囊积液、半月板损害、韧带损伤、肌腱断裂及腘窝囊肿的检出中与关节镜结果一致性好（超声Kappa值：0.81、0.85、0.79、0.79、1.00、1.00，MRI Kappa值：0.76、0.93、0.86、0.89、1.00、1.00，Kappa值均 > 0.75）；在KOA滑膜增生和骨质增生的诊断中，超声检查的诊断效能好于MRI检查（AUC=0.978、0.972，P < 0.05）；在关节积液、髌上囊积液、关节软骨损害、韧带损伤的诊断中，MRI检查的诊断效能好于超声检查（AUC=0.991、0.995、0.969、0.961，P < 0.05）；在韧带损伤的诊断中，超声检查与MRI检查的诊断效能差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；126例患者中，超声检查认为有57例患者存在关节间隙狭窄，平均关节间隙为3.54±0.53 mm，MRI检查认为有52例患者存在关节间隙狭窄，平均关节间隙为3.62±0.61 mm，两者测量差值无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论  肌骨超声及MRI检查能较好的识别膝关节退行性骨关节炎病变特征，具有较高的临床运用价值。

Diagnostic value of musculoskeletal ultrasound and MRI in degenerative osteoarthritis of knee joint

  Objective  To assess the diagnostic value of musculoskeletal ultrasound and MRI in the diagnosis degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee (KOA).  Methods  A total of 126 patients with unilateral KOA who were treated in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were selected and all underwent arthroscopy. Musculoskeletal ultrasound, MRI and arthroscope imaging were performed on all patients included in the study. Using arthroscopic findings as the gold standard, the diagnostic value of ultrasound and MRI examinations was assessed for joint effusion, synovial hyperplasia, suprapatellar bursa effusion, articular cartilage damage, osteophytes, meniscal damage and ligament damage, respectively.  Results  A total of 126 patients underwent musculoskeletal ultrasound, MRI and arthroscopy successfully. With arthroscopic results as the gold standard, ultrasonography and MRI were in good agreement with arthroscopic results in the detection of synovial hyperplasia, suprapatellar sac effusion, meniscus injury, ligament injury, tendon rupture and popliteal cyst in patients with KOA (Kappa values of ultrasound: 0.81, 0.85, 0.79, 0.79, 1.00, 1.00; Kappa values of MRI: 0.76, 0.93, 0.86, 0.89, 1.00, 1.00, Kappa values > 0.75). In the diagnosis of synovial hyperplasia and hyperosteogeny in KOA, the diagnostic efficacyof ultrasound was better than that of MRI (AUC=0.978, 0.972, P < 0.05). In the diagnosis of joint effusion, suprapatellar sac effusion, articular cartilage damage and ligament injury, MRI had better diagnostic performance than ultrasound (AUC=0.991, 0.995, 0.969, 0.961, P < 0.05). In the diagnosis of ligament injury, there was no statistical difference between ultrasound and MRI (P > 0.05). Among 126 patients, 57 patients were found to have joint space stenosis by ultrasound examination, and the average joint space was about 3.54±0.53 mm, while 52 patients were found to have joint space stenosis by MRI examination, and the average joint space was about 3.62±0.61 mm. There was no significant difference between the two measurements (P > 0.05).  Conclusion  Musculoskeletal ultrasound and MRI examination can better identify the characteristics of KOA and have high clinical value.