2023年3月全球传染病疫情概要

2023年3月，全球共监测到传染病62种，涉及235个国家和地区。除流感外，涉及国家和地区数量位于前5位的传染病分别为新型冠状病毒感染（235个）、猴痘（110个）、登革热（29个）、霍乱（21个）和麻疹（19个）。病死率位于前5位的传染病分别为马尔堡病毒病（83.3%）、尼帕病毒病（71.4%）、裂谷热（23.8%）、拉沙热（18.1%）和肺炎链球菌性脑膜炎（8.5%）。死亡病例数位于前5位的传染病分别为新型冠状病毒感染、疟疾、霍乱、登革热和麻疹。亚洲主要流行新型冠状病毒感染、霍乱和登革热；非洲主要流行新型冠状病毒感染、霍乱、黄热病、马尔堡病毒病、拉沙热和猴痘；美洲主要流行新型冠状病毒感染、霍乱、登革热和基孔肯雅热；欧洲主要流行新型冠状病毒感染和侵袭性A群链球菌感染。

Summary of global surveillance data of infectious diseases in March 2023

In March 2023, a total of 62 infectious diseases were reported globally, affecting 235 countries and regions. Except for influenza, the top five infectious diseases affecting greatest number of countries and regions were COVID-19 (235), monkeypox (110), dengue fever (29), cholera (21) and measles (17). The top five infectious diseases with highest case fatality rates were Marburg virus disease (83.3%), Nipah virus disease (71.4%), Rift Valley fever (23.8%), Lassa fever (18.1%) and Pneumococcal meningitis (8.5%). The top five infectious diseases with greatest number of deaths were COVID-19, malaria, cholera, dengue fever and measles. The prevalent infectious diseases in Asia were COVID-19, cholera and dengue fever, the prevalent infectious diseases in Africa were COVID-19, cholera, yellow fever, Marburg virus disease, Lassa fever and monkeypox, the prevalent infectious diseases in America were COVID-19, cholera, dengue fever and Chikungunya fever, the prevalent infectious disease in Europe were COVID-19 and invasive group A streptococcus infection.