毕节市留守中学生欺凌行为与主观幸福感的相关性

了解毕节市留守中学生欺凌行为情况及其与主观幸福感的关系,为制定和实施帮扶政策及干预提供参考.方法 采用Olweus儿童欺凌问卷、青少年主观幸福感量表,对多阶段整群分层抽取的毕节市735名留守中学生进行现场调查.结果 留守中学生中,参与欺凌行为检出率为28.71%.男生参与欺凌行为(受欺凌、欺凌、欺凌-受欺凌)的比例均高于女生(x2=25.93,P<0.05);同学关系不好的留守中学生参与欺凌行为检出率高于同学关系好的学生(x2=12.46,P<0.05).友谊满意度、家庭满意度、环境满意度、生活满意度总分及消极情感在不同欺凌角色学生之间差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为12.76,2.86,3.30,5.98,4.72,P值均<0.05).多因素最佳尺度回归分析显示,欺凌行为、同学关系、学习成绩及与父母联系频率对留守中学生主观幸福感均有影响(P值均<0.05).结论 毕节市留守中学生参与欺凌行为比例较高,应从社会、学校、家庭等多个层面建立有效的防控机制,减少欺凌行为的发生,提高其幸福感.

Bullying behaviors and subjective well-being of left-behind students in Bijie City

Objective To understand the status and relationship between bullying behaviors and subjective well-being among left-behind students in Bijie,and to provide reference for the governments to support the development of policies and intervention. Methods A total of 735 left-behind students were investigated on the spot with the Olweus Bully Questionnaire and Adolescent Subjective Well-being Scale. Results Among the 735 left-behind students,28.71% were found of participating in behaviors of bullying. More boys involved behaviors of bullying( bullies,victims and bully-victims) others than the girls( χ^2= 25.93,P<0.05),Bullying was more likely to be reported among children with poor peer relations( χ^2= 12.46,P<0.05). Total scores of the feelings of friendship,family,freedom,negative emotion and life differed significantly among different bullying roles( F = 12.76,2.86,3. 30,5.98,4. 72,P < 0. 05). Multivariate analysis showed that there were many factors affecting the subjective well-being of these students,such as bullying behaviors,relationship with their classmates,academic record,the frequency which they contacted with parents( P<0.05). Conclusion Bullying is highly prevalent among left-behind children in Bijie. Effective prevention and control mechanisms should be established at the social,school and family levels to reduce the occurrence of bullying. Attention should be paid to the psychological and behavioral dynamics of left-behind middle school students,so as to improve their happiness.