彩色多普勒超声在新生儿先天性心脏病中的诊断价值

目的：分析彩色多普勒超声在诊断新生儿先天性心脏病中的应用价值。方法采用彩色多普勒超声检测我院2011年10月~2013年10月新生儿病房收治的先天性心脏病患儿60例，测量心脏各个腔室内径、左右室壁厚度、主动脉窦部及肺动脉主干内径，与同期出生的60例正常新生儿对比。结果共发现房间隔缺损患儿36例，室间隔缺损患儿12例，动脉导管未闭患儿8例，法洛四联症患儿4例。其中房间隔缺损新生儿的右心房、右心室各内径和肺动脉主干内径显著大于正常新生儿，P＜0.01；室间隔缺损新生儿的左心房、左心室各内径和肺动脉主干内径显著大于正常新生儿，P＜0.01；动脉导管未闭新生儿的左心房、左心室各内径、右心室前壁厚度和肺动脉主干内径显著大于正常新生儿，P＜0.05；法洛四联症新生儿的左心房、左心室各内径、右心室前壁厚度和主动脉窦部内径显著大于正常新生儿，但肺动脉主干内径显著小于正常新生儿，P＜0.01。结论超声心动图可以通过测量心脏腔室和大动脉内径进而对新生儿先天性心脏病进行诊断，对于早期发现并及时治疗新生儿心脏病具有重要应用价值。

Diagnostic Value of Color Doppler Ultrasound in Neonatal Congenital Heart Disease

Objective To analyze the application value of color Doppler ultrasound in diagnosing neonatal congenital heart disease.Methods 60 neonates with congenital heart disease treated in our hospital from October 2011 to October 2013 were examined by color Doppler ultrasound to measure the interior diameters of heart chambers, the thicknesses of left and right ventricular walls as well as the interior diameters of aortic sinus and pulmonary artery trunk. The results were compared with those of 60 normal neonates born in the corresponding period.Results 36 cases of atrial septal defect, 12 cases of ventricular septal defect, 8 cases of patent ductus arteriosus and 4 cases of tetralogy of fallot were detected by color Doppler ultrasound. The interior diameters of right atrium, right ventricle and pulmonary artery trunk of neonates with atrial septal defect were signiifcantly larger than those of normal neonates （P〈0.01）. The interior diameters of left atrium, left ventricle and pulmonary artery trunk of neonates with ventricular septal defect were signiifcantly larger than those of normal neonates （P〈0.01）. The interior diameters of left atrium, left ventricle and pulmonary artery trunk as well as the thicknesses of anterior walls of right ventricle of neonates with patent ductus arteriosus were signiifcantly larger than those of normal neonates （P〈0.05）. The interior diameters of left atrium, left ventricle and aortic sinus as well as the thicknesses of anterior walls of right ventricle of neonates with tetralogy of fallot were larger than those of normal neonates. However, the interior diameters of pulmonary artery trunk of neonates with tetralogy of fallot were smaller than those of normal neonates （P〈0.01）.Conclusion Echocardiography which can diagnose neonatal congenital heart disease with the measurement of interior diameters of heart chambers and aortas has an important application value in the early detection and timely treatment of neonatal heart disease.