腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术后神经缺血性损伤

目的：探讨在腹主动脉瘤（AAA）腔内隔绝术（EVE）中神经缺血性损伤的发生原因及防治。临床资料：我科在施行AAA EVE中遇到1例术后发生神经缺血性损伤。患者为Ⅱa型AAA，选用Talent分叉型移植物行EVE，手术顺利。术后出现双侧股部酸痛不适、乏力，伴右侧屈髋无力。行肌电图检查提示双侧腓总神经、胫神经、H反射传导速度均减慢，双侧股神经未能引出动作电位。给予甲钴胺0.5mg肌内注射，隔日1次，地巴唑10mg3次/d，并辅以高压氧治疗和股四头肌功能锻炼。治疗2个月后患者股部疼痛、乏力逐步缓解，无明显功能障碍。复查下肢肌电图无明显改善。结论：AAA EVE后可能会发生脊髓的缺血性损伤，但发生率很低，术中封闭腰动脉是导致脊髓缺血的原因。脊髓缺血性损伤早期治疗最为重要，后期的神经营养治疗和功能锻炼也可以改善部分症状。

Neurologic injury after endovascular exclusion of abdominal aortic aneurysm

Objective To investigate the mechanism of neurologic injury after endovascular graft exclusion of abdominal aortic aneurysms and the methods of prevention and treatment. Meterials Since March 1997 to October 2002, endovascular graft exclusion for abdominal aortic aneurysm have been preformed on 136 patients, with one occurrence of neurologic injury after the operation. The main body short limb graft was used in this case(Talent) and the operation was successful. The patient complained of bilateral lower extremities pain and disability. Electromusculogram showed bilateral femoral nerve injury. Then the patient was treated with vitamin B12, hyperbaric oxygen and physical therapy for 2 months outcoming with the symptom improvement. Conclusions Neurologic injury after endovascular graft exclusion for abdominal aortic aneurysms is possible due to the occlusion of the lumber artery during the operation. Early treatment is important and more effective. Later nerve nutrition and physical treatment can improve some symptoms partly.