医学专业和非医学专业大学生艾滋病知信行比较研究

目的:了解综合性大学医学专业和非医学专业学生艾滋病相关的知识、行为以及态度,为制定全面系统的大学生艾滋病健康教育提供科学建议。方法:自行设计调查问卷,采用多级分层整群抽样方法选取医学生229名、非医学生1412名进行问卷调查。结果:医学生与非医学生对艾滋病基本知识和传播途径的知晓率差异有统计学意义;医学生与非医学生对待AIDS态度的差异有统计学意义;在两类学生中仍然存在AIDS相关高危险行为,且在大多数行为上都没有表现出明显差异;两类学生所获得AIDS知识主要来源于电视广播和互联网媒体。结论:无论是在艾滋病相关知识的掌握情况上,还是在对待艾滋病或艾滋患者的态度上,医学生的情况都好于非医学学生;两类学生对于艾滋病三大传播途径的知晓率和艾滋病基础知识的掌握情况都较高。教育专家应根据不同专业的特点以及学生要求的教育方式,制定系统的、针对性强的大学生AIDS健康教育措施;利用医学生特殊身份,在针对非医学专业同学进行AIDS健康教育的过程中发挥同伴教育的作用;动用全社会的力量,对大学生进行科学的AIDS健康教育。

Comparative Study of AIDS KAP between Medical Students and Non-medical Students

Objective:To Learn the acknowledgement,highly-risky behaviors and attitudes towards AIDS among medical students and nonmedical students in the comprehensive university,in order to find out the defects in health-care education of AIDS and to provide scientific suggestions for drawing up all-sides and systemic measures for health education.Methods:A total of 299 medical students and 1412 non medical students were selected by using the stratified cluster sampling method in a comprehensive university and surveyed by self-designed questionnaire.Results:The difference of AIDS awareness and attitude between medical students and non-medical students was significant.There are some students who used to have dangerous behaviors of AIDS in both medical students and non-medical students,and the difference of behaviors between two groups is not significant.The students mainly get information of AIDS from media,like telecast and internet.Conclusion:Medical students’ score is better than that of non-medical students in AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes toward AIDS,both of the two majors have a high awareness of the three major routes of AIDS transmission and basic knowledge of AIDS.Based on different characteristics and demands of different departments in universities,university authorities should draw up a systematic and particular health education measures on AIDS,meanwhile,universities should make full use of the professional status of medical students,and let them play a role of YPE to other non-medical students.Arouse the whole society to give health education of AIDS to students.