小腿假肢对线对膝关节肌肉活动特性的影响

目的：研究小腿假肢对线对患者站立状态下膝关节肌肉活动特性的影响。探索最优对线的生物力学依据。方法：针对矢状面不同的对线角度，采用NoraxonTM TeleMYO 2400R表面肌电信号采集系统，测量健侧和残侧有关的10组肌肉的表面肌电信号。结果：为保持站立状态下膝关节稳定，残侧股二头肌和股内侧肌的等张收缩程度高于健侧：调整矢状面对线角度会改变健侧的腓肠内、外肌和残侧股内、外侧肌的收缩程度，当腿管相对于接受腔的屈伸角从一60增大＋60到时．以上肌肉的表面肌电绝对平均值变化幅度达一倍以上。而双侧股二头肌、健侧股四头肌肌群收缩程度几乎不变。结论：小腿假肢矢状面对线对患者站立状体下膝关节肌肉和健侧踝关节肌肉活动特性影响明显，以上结果为假肢的优化对线提供了直观定量的生物力学依据．可以结合残侧承重线、足底压力的分析，寻找指导对线的原则。

The effects of trans-tibial prosthetic alignment on the activity of knee muscles

Objective: To investigate the effects of the prosthesis alignment on the activity of knee muscles, and to find out biomechanical criteria for optimal alignment. Method: Surface EMG of ten group muscles of both sides was measured with Naroxon TeleMYO 2400R system when different sagittal alignments were set. Result: In order to keep knee joint stable, biceps femoris and vastus medialis of prosthetic side were more active than the sound side. The average magnitude of sEMG of medial and lateral gastrocnemius of sound side, vastus lateralis and vastus medialis of prosthetic side double changed when sagittal alignment was adjusted. Whereas the activity of other muscles almost does not change. Conclusion: The activity of knee muscles is influenced by the prosthesis alignment in the sagittal plane. The above finding provides quantitative information for optimal alignment.