早期干预对高危新生儿智能发育的影响

①目的　研究早期智能干预对高危新生儿智能发育、脑功能障碍的影响。②方法　按随机原则将 80例窒息新生儿分为窒息干预组 (n =40 )、窒息对照组 (n =40 ) ;54例早产儿分为早产儿干预组 (n =2 7)、早产儿对照组 (n =2 7)。干预组从新生儿期开始接受早期智能干预 ,定期随访 ,每组病儿均于 1 .5 ,2 .0岁按照双盲原则 ,应用Bayley婴幼儿智能发育量表测试智力。 ③结果　 1 .5 ,2 .0岁时 ,窒息干预组精神发育指数 (MDI)比窒息对照组分别高 1 2分和 1 4分 ,运动发育指数 (PDI)分别高 1 0分和 9分 ,差异均有极显著性 (t =3 .0 3～ 5 .2 7,P均 <0 .0 1 )。1 .5 ,2 .0岁早产儿干预组比早产儿对照组MDI分别高 1 3分和 1 4分 ,差异有极显著性 (t =3 .2 7,4.32 ,P <0 .0 1 ) ;PDI分别高 5分和 4分 ,但差异无显著性 (t=1 .72 ,1 .61 ,P >0 .0 5)。窒息和早产儿干预组均无智力低下者 ,而窒息及早产儿对照组各有 2例智力低下 (MDI<70 )者。④结论　对早产儿、窒息新生儿进行早期智能干预 ,可以促进智能发育、防治脑功能障碍

EARLY INTERVENTION IN INTELLIGENCE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH RISK NEONATES

Objective To study the effect of early int ervention on development of intelligence for high risk neonates. Methods 80 full term asphyxial neonates were randomly divided into Early Intervention Group (EI Group, n =40) and Control Group ( n =40) , 54 premature infants were divided into Premature Intervention Group(PI Group, n =27) and Premature Control Group(PC Group, n =27). For intervention gro up newborn babies, a double blind Bayley was applied to analyze their intellige nce at the age of 1.5 and 2.0 years for each group. Results At the age of 1.5 and 2.0 years, the average scores of me ntal development indexes (MDI) in asphyxial EI Group were 12 and 14, respectivel y, higher than those for asphyxial Control Group ( P < 0.01 ); psychomotor m ental development indexes (PDI )were 10 and 9, respectively, higher than those f or asphyxial Control Group, the difference being dramatically significant ( t= 3.03-5.27,P <0.01).At the age of 1.5 and 2.0 years for PI Group, MDI score was 13 and 14 marks higher than those for Control Group, the difference being signif icant ( t=3.27, 4.32,P <0.01), and the PDI scores were 5 and 4, respectively, slightly higher than Control Group, showing no significant difference between th e two groups. There were respective 2 cases of mentally retarded in asphyxial an d PC groups ,but none in the two early intervention groups. Conclusion The early intervention can promote intelligence develo pment of asphyxial neonates and premature infants and prevent mental retardatio n. [