重症监护病房医院感染病原菌特点及耐药性分析

目的了解重症监护病房（ICU）医院感染病原菌及其药敏特征,为临床抗感染治疗提供依据。方法对我院2008年1月至2009年6月在ICU发生的感染送检标本所分离的细菌及药敏特征进行回顾性分析。结果 ICU的医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占76.5%,其中大肠埃希菌42株,占第一位（30.00%）;革兰阳性菌20株,占10.93%,以金黄色葡萄球菌为主;真菌23株,占12.57%,以白色假丝酵母菌为主;大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌属产超广谱β内酰胺酶（ESBLs）株分别为29株和13株,各占20.71%和9.29%。未发现产ESBLs株对亚胺培南的耐药株。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球（MRSA）6株,占54.54%;凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌8株,耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRSCON）6株,耐药率75.0%。未检出耐万古霉素菌株（VRE）。结论 ICU感染以革兰阴性杆菌为主,但革兰阳性球菌仍是重要的致病菌。碳青霉烯类抗生素仍是目前耐药性最低的一类抗生素。尽早行细菌培养,根据药敏结果及时选用敏感抗生素是减少耐药性的有效方法 。

Characteristics and drug resistance of nosocomial infectious pathogens in intensive care unit.

Objective To investigate the nosocomial infectious pathogens of intensive care unit(ICU) and their drug resistance characteristics,and to provide evidences for chinical anti-infection treatment.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out to clarify the pathogens and their drug resistance characteristics of infectious specimens collected from ICU from January 2008 to June 2009.Results Gram-negative bacteria were the major nosocomial infectious pathogens(140/183,76.5%);of the Gram-negative bacteria,Esche...