天然小分子药物纳米制剂用于治疗神经退行性疾病的研究进展＊

神经退行性疾病是一类因特异性神经元大量丢失而致残、致死的复杂疾病,严重危害患者的生命安全和生活质量,并造成沉重的公共医疗资源负担。近年来,已研究开发了大量的候选新药,其中天然产物来源的小分子化合物因其抗氧化、抗炎、神经保护等功能具有良好的防治效果。然而,由于这一类分子稳定性差,靶向性低、以及98%以上不易透过血脑屏障等因素,难以有效的应用于临床。因此,便于改善物理化学性质、增加稳定性及组织分布、提高功能器官靶向性的纳米制剂被广泛用于天然小分子药物的改造。本研究旨在针对神经退行性疾病,对天然小分子药物纳米制剂的研究进展进行总结,为同类新药的研发提供参考。

Research Progress of Natural Small Molecule Drug Nano Preparations for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Neurodegenerative diseases are a case of complex diseases that are disabled and fatal due to the great number of specific neurons lost, seriously endangering patients" safety and quality of life, and causing a heavy burden of public medical resources. In recent years, researchers have developed a large number of new drugs for neurodegenerative diseases, because small molecules derived from natural products have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective functions, showing good preventive and therapeutic effects. However, due to the poor stability and low targeting of natural small molecule drugs, and more than 98% of them are not easy to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, it is difficult to effectively apply it to the clinic. Therefore, nano-formulations, which can improve the physical and chemical properties of small molecule drugs, increase the stability and tissue distribution, and improve the targeting of functional organs, are widely applied in the reconstruction of natural small molecule drugs. The aim of this paper is to summarize the research progress of nano preparation of natural small molecule drugs for neurodegenerative diseases, and to provide reference for the research and development of similar new drugs.