应用SOS/umu测试筛选抗丝裂霉素C遗传毒性的植物源细胞保护剂

摘 要：目的 建立一种快速筛选抗丝裂霉素C遗传毒性的植物提取物的体系和方法。方法 采用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002以及小鼠急性毒性实验，通过SOS/umu测试评价菊花、大蒜、生姜、银杏叶、人参、葡萄籽、绿茶、灵芝、刺五加、大豆10种植物提取物及部分提取物组合对丝裂霉素C遗传毒性的影响。结果 大蒜、葡萄籽、绿茶、刺五加、大豆提取物有较强的抗突变能力，刺五加提取物1.5 g/L对丝裂霉素C遗传毒性的抑制率达67.12%；这5种植物提取物两两组合的抗细胞畸变能力明显优于单个提取物，尤以刺五加-绿茶和刺五加-葡萄籽两种组合的作用最强，其中刺五加-绿茶组合物对丝裂霉素C遗传毒性的抑制率最高达83.2%。小鼠体内实验显示，刺五加-绿茶显著降低经丝裂霉素C作用的小鼠微核率和精子畸变率，明显提高小鼠胸腺指数。结论 SOS/umu测试不仅是一种快速评价植物提取物的抗突变能力的有效方法，还可作为一种细胞保护剂快速筛选模型对候选植物提取物或化合物进行高通量筛选。

Application of SOS/umu in screening cytoprotectors of plants against mitomycin C-induced genotoxic damage

Abstract: Objective To establish a system and method for screening plant extract against mitomycin C-induced genotoxic damage. Methods Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 and acute toxicity experiment of mice were used, and the effects of the extracts from ten plants, Chrysanthemis Flos, Allii Bulbus, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Ginkgo Folium, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Vitis Viniferae Semen, Gemmae Camelliae Sinensis Folium, Ganoderma, Acanthopanacis Senticosi Radix et Rhizoma seu Caulis, and Sojae Semen, and the extract combinations on mitomycin C-induced genotoxic damage were observed by SOS/umu test. Results Significantly protective effects of five extracts, including the extracts from Allii Bulbus, Vitis Vindferae Semen, Gemmae Camelliae Sinensis Folium, Acanthopanacis Senticosi Radix et Rhizoma seu Caulis, and Sojae Semen against mitomycin C-induced genotoxicity were observed. Acanthopanacis Senticosi Radix et Rhizoma seu Caulis extract (1.5 g/L) could inhibit the mitomycin C-induced genotoxicity (67.12%). Combinations of any two extracts showed higher antimutagenic capacity than any single one. Among all the combinations, Acanthopanacis Senticosi Radix et Rhizoma seu Caulis-Gemmae Camelliae Sinensis Folium and Acanthopanacis Senticosi Radix et Rhizoma seu Caulis-Vitis Viniferae Semen showed the highest activity, and the inhibition rate of the former against the mitomycin C-induced genotoxicity was 83.2%. In vivo tests showed that Acanthopanacis Senticosi Radix et Rhizoma seu Caulis- Gemmae Camelliae Sinensis Folium could significantly decrease the micronucleus rate and sperm abnormality rate of mice induced by mitomycin C and also increase the thymus indexes. Conclusion Based on the results, it is clearly proved that the SOS/umu is not only a useful and convenient way to evaluate the antimutagenic ability of plant extracts, but also could be used as a kind of rapid screening model for cytoprotector with high throughput screening of candidate extracts or compounds.