4390例住院患者医院感染调查分析

目的了解住院患者医院感染发生情况和影响因素。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对2010年4390例患者进行调查、统计。结果共发生医院感染165例次,例次发生率为3.76%,医院感染部位分布以上呼吸道、胃肠道、下呼吸道占前三位,分别占43.64%、25.45%、13.33%。4390例出院患者抗生素使用率为48.91%,病原菌送检率为92.73%。检出病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌最高,占46.97%。结论加强医院感染知识培训,采取科学的消毒措施、合理使用抗菌药物、做好病原菌检查是降低医院感染发生的有力措施。

Retrospective investigation on nosocomial infection of 4 390 inpatients

Objective To investigate the features of nosocomial infection (NI) of inpatients and its influence factors. Methods 4 390 inpatients enrolled in the hospital in 2010 were investigated retrospectively and statistically analyzed. Results 165 patients (3.76%) were found with nosocomial infection, located mainly on upper respiratory tract (43.64%), gastrointestinal tract (25.45%) and lower respiratory tract (13.33%). 49.52% of the 4 390 patients discharged were treated by antibiotics with a submission rate of 92.73% for pathogen examination. The most pathogens detected were Gram-negative ones, accounting for 46.97%. Conclusion Effective ways for reducing nosocomial infection include strengthening the training of the knowledge on nosocomial infection, taking scientific disinfection measures, using antibacterial drugs reasonably and examining pathogens carefully.