植物精油缓解抗生素耐药研究现状

抗生素耐药性(AMR)问题已成为当代医学一个日益严重的现象和挑战,植物精油具有广谱的抗病原微生物的作用,对多种细菌、真菌,甚至病毒和寄生虫具有抑制作用。精油可以通过改变细菌外膜的通透性、抑制细菌外排泵、抑制细菌生物膜形成、抗细菌群体感应作用以及抑制细菌细胞分裂等方式缓解或应对病原微生物对抗生素的耐药。精油的抗菌研究正在蓬勃发展,并成为未来潜在的研究领域。但植物精油在应用过程中也出现了耐药的问题。因此精油的抗生素治疗或替代应基于不同精油或精油与其他抗生素的组合和轮换,以防止或延缓耐药菌株的出现。综述植物精油对抗生素耐药病原微生物作用的相关研究,为其进一步研究提供思路和建议。

Research status of essential oil in alleviating antibiotic resistance

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most serious global public health threats in this century. Essential oils (EO) have a broad spectrum of anti-pathogenic microorganisms and have inhibitory effects on various bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. EO have been reported to inhibit bacterial efflux pump, biofilm formation, anti-quorum sensing effects, and cell division by altering cell membrane to alleviate or cope with antibiotic resistance of pathogenic microorganisms. Antimicrobial research of EO is booming, which will be a potential research area in the future. However, the problem of drug resistance also appeared in the application of EO, which may provoke the emergence of resistant human pathogens. Therefore, antibiotic treatment or replacement of EO should be based on the combination and rotation of different EO or EO with other antibiotics in order to prevent or delay the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This article summarizes the studies of EO on antimicrobial resistance and provides ideas and suggestions for further research.