2008～2010年某市吸毒人群艾滋病流行病学分析

目的 了解某市1 204例吸毒人群的艾滋病流行病学特点,为制订针对该吸毒人群的艾滋病防制措施提供科学依据.方法 以中国疾病预防控制中心艾滋病预防与控制中心统一编制的健康状况调查表为基础,结合当地实际情况设计调查问卷,于2008～2010年对某社区、戒毒所等随机抽取的1 204例吸毒人员进行面对面问卷调查.结果 发放调查问卷1 204份,回收1 204份,有效回收率100％.人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染率为1.7％.高危人群以男性、18～40岁、初中及以下文化程度、无业人员为主,危险因素主要有针具共用、无套性交、商业性交易等可能导致艾滋病传播流行的因素.该人群对艾滋病三大传播途径、预防知识知晓率高,均大于90％,但是接受过艾滋病相关预防服务的比例较低,仅为1.2％.结论 该市吸毒人群中的HIV感染率较低,但是危险行为因素仍然存在,知信行不一致,存在较高的感染HIV的机会.应该加大干预力度,控制艾滋病的蔓延.

Epidemiologic analysis of AIDS among drug users in a city during 2008-2010

Objective To understand the epidemiological features of the drug users in a city and to provide the basis for making scientific measures to prevent and control AIDS among them.Methods Based on the health status questionaire uniformly formulated by the National Center for AIDS Control and Prevention of China CDC and combined with the local conditions,the questionnaire was designed.1 204 drug addicts from a community,Drug Addiction Treatment Center and other places during 2006～2008 were randomly extracted for face-to-face questionnaire survey.Results 1 204 questionnaires were distributed and 1 204 questionnaireswere returned with the recovery rate was 100%.The infection rates of HIV was 1.7%.The high-risk crowds were dominated by males,18-40 years old,junior high school and lower education and unemployed.Main high-risk factors were sharing needle,sexual behavior without condom and sexual trade.More than 90% drug addicts could answer rightly about the transmission and preventing knowledge of AIDS,but the proportion of receiving AIDS-related prevention services was lower,only 1.2%.Conclusion Although the HIV infection rate among drug users in a city is low,the high-risk behavior factors still exist.Therefore there is a high infection opportunity for HIV.The intervention intensity should be enhanced to control the spreading of AIDS in this area.