精神分裂症认知功能的神经心理测评

目的：探讨测试精神分裂症患者认知功能障碍的新方法及其临床使用价值。方法：应用YWG神经心理训练系统测试精神分裂症51例（分裂症组）、正常人42例（对照组）和抑郁症32例（抑郁症组），比较各组间测试项目的平均反应时（mS）和错误率（％）。结果：分裂症组与对照组配对比较，各项目的反应时延长58-75％（P〈0．01）、错误率增高95～150％（P〈0．001）；与抑郁症组相比，分裂症组反应时仅延长20-45％（P=0．04-0．19）、错误率增高约50%（P〈0．005）；各实验指标异常与病程无相关性（P〉0．05）。分裂症组内男女、病程长短相比各项目反应时、错误率无差别（P〉0．05）；用药1周以上者单侧脑功能反应时明显缩短（P=0．05）、各项目错误率均有下降趋势（P〉0．05）；病情未控制组单侧脑功能反应时延长45％（P〈0．05）、图像记忆延长41％、汉字记忆延长18％，错误率增加5．16％（P〉0．05）。结论：YWG神经心理训练系统测试结果可反映精神分裂症的认知功能障碍及病情严重程度，因此可以作为认知功能测试方法之一用于临床。

Cognitive Function of Patients with Schizophrenia: Test of a Neuropsychological Training System

Objective:To evaluate the applicability of a new neuropsychological system for schizophrenics in testing their cognitive dysfunction.Methods:The YWG neuropsychological training system was used to test the cognitive functions with unilateral cerebral function,graph memory,Chinese character memory and spatial memory in 51 schizophrenics(the schizophrenia group),42 normal subjects(the control group)and 32 depressive patients(the depression group).The mean response time and error rate in all the tests were analyzed among the three groups.Re- sults:42 out of 51 patients in the schizophrenia group,who were matched with all individuals in the control group, had a longer mean response time by 58-75%(P<0.01)and a higher error rate by95-150%(P<0.001)in all the tests than those in the control group;and when compared to the depression group,the schizophrenia group also had a longer response time by 20-45%(P=0.04-0.19)and a higher error rate by 50%(P<0.005).However,these abnor- malities in the schizophrenia group were not correlated with the duration of the disease(-0.20.05).Fur- thermore,in the schizophrenia group there was statistically no significant difference in the overall mean response time and the error rate between genders and between the longer(<6 months)and shorter durations of the disease(P>0.05). Thirty-three of those who had taken medicine for more than 1 week showed a shorter mean response time in the uni- lateral cerebral function test(P<0.05)and a smaller error rate in all the tests(all P>0.05)than 18 of those who had not taken any medicines.In addition,31 of schizophrenics whose disease were poorly controlled had a longer response time by 45% in the unilateral cerebral function test(P<0.05),by 41% in the graph memory test(P>0.05)and by 18% in the Chinese character memory test(P>0.05),and a higher error rate by 5-16%(P>0.05)than 20 of those well-cared patients.Conclusion:The results from the tests by the YWG neuropsychological training system indicate it can demonstrate the severity of the schizophrenia and the cognitive dysfunction of the schizophrenics;therefore,these tests can be applied to clinic.