儿童急性腹泻辅助治疗的研究进展

急性腹泻的主要病原体包括细菌、病毒、寄生虫等,它是发展中国家导致儿童死亡的第二原因,占5岁以下儿童死亡率18％.2004年估计有150万儿童死于腹泻,2岁以内儿童腹泻死亡占80％.急性腹泻的治疗目标是防止脱水和营养丢失,并减少腹泻的持续时间和严重程度.世界卫生组织建议使用口服与补液结合的治疗方法.世界胃肠病组织治疗指南认为使用消旋卡多曲可以减少粪便排泄量.推荐的治疗方案是提供口服补液和继续喂养.口服补液有效地减轻脱水,微量营养和益生菌辅助治疗以及止泻剂的应用具有临床治疗效果.本文主要介绍儿童急性腹泻的病原学、流行病学以及辅助治疗的研究进展,为改善及治疗儿童急性腹泻提供参考依据.

Research progress on auxiliary therapy to treat children with acute diarrhea

The main pathogens of acute diarrhea include bacteria,virus,parasite and so on.It is the second cause of death in children,18％ mortality of children under the age of five.In 2004,an estimated 1.5 million children die from diarrhoea,diarrhoea death before the age of two has accounted for 80％.Treatment goal of acute diarrhea is to prevent damage of dehydration and nutrition,and to reduce the duration and severity of diarrhea.The world health organization recommends using oral rehydration and the method of combining.The world gastroenterology organization recommends using racecadotril to decrease stool.The recommended treatment is to provide oral rehydration （ORS） and continue to feed.The ORS effectively relieve dehydrated.Trace nutrition and probiotics adjuvant therapy,and antidiarrheal agent application is to have clinical effect.This article introduces research progress on etiology,epidemiology and ausiliary therapy of children acute diarrhea,in order to improve and provide some references for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children.